Winter brings a chill breeze and cold weather, often associated with festivity and cosy routines. The colder nights, comforting foods, and late-night parties are some of the reasons to enjoy this season. While hanging around these cold mornings is a silent killer that often goes unnoticed, the risk of a heart attack in winter is. Several studies have shown a noticeable increase in cardiovascular events during the winter months. Evidence has reported that winter increases heart risks by 14-20%, specifically among elderly people and people with pre-existing medical conditions.
(To Augment Your Overall Health And Well-Being, Shop From Our Wide Range Of Health Essentials)
Read this article to understand why there is a risk of a heart attack in winter, and how to prevent it.
Why Is the Risk of Heart Attack Higher in Winter?
Cold weather affects the cardiovascular system in numerous ways. The body responds to low temperatures by conserving heat, which can unintentionally strain the heart. The main reasons for increased risk include:
Cold weather causes blood vessels to narrow; vasoconstriction increases blood pressure and forces the heart to work harder.
A drop in temperature can elevate blood viscosity, raising the risk of plaque formation.
Generally, people are physically inactive in winter, resulting in weight gain and poor blood circulation to the vital organs.
The winter season increases infection rates, such as flu and respiratory issues, that trigger inflammation, thereby increasing cardiovascular risk.
In some cases, people often ignore symptoms or attribute them to cold-related discomfort, delaying prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Causes of Heart Attack in Winter
Cold weather results in narrowing of arteries, which raises blood pressure, a major risk factor for heart attacks.
Unhealthy diets and eating patterns, such as a diet rich in fried foods, salty and sugary foods, are common in winter, especially among people who are also physically inactive, resulting in weight gain and a high risk of heart problems.
Smoking is more common in winter, and excessive alcohol intake during celebrations can increase cardiac strain.
Sudden exposure to extreme cold climate, early morning walks, cold baths, or outdoor labour can trigger cardiac events, especially in older adults.
Those with comorbid medical conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, obesity, or previous heart disease are at greater risk during winter.
Also Read: Heart Attack Types: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Warning Signs Not to Ignore
At times, heart attack symptoms may be subtle or mistaken for cold-related issues. Some of the common symptoms include:
Common symptoms include:
Chest pain or tightness
Shortness of breath
Pain radiating to the left arm, jaw, or back
Excessive sweating
Unusual fatigue
Nausea or dizziness
Immediate medical attention is critical if these symptoms occur.
Prevention
Stay Warm
Wear layered clothing to avoid sudden exposure to cold weather. Also maintain indoor temperatures warm and comfortable.
Engage In Physical Activity
Though a cold climate may make you feel lethargic and discourage outdoor activities, it’s important to stay physically active. Go for indoor exercises like yoga, stretching, or brisk walking to improve blood flow to the vital organs and keep your heart functioning optimally. If you go for a walk outside, ensure to dress warmly and engage in short intervals of walking to prevent overexertion.
Ease Stress
Managing stress is a crucial step in augmenting heart health. Practice meditation, deep breathing, or relaxation techniques to stay calm and relaxed, and regulate blood pressure. Aim to get 7-8 hours of sound quality sleep to help organs work effortlessly.
Manage Existing Conditions
Monitor blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol regularly to prevent complications associated with these conditions. Take prescribed medications consistently and go for regular follow-up.
Also Read: Heart Attacks, Cardiac Arrests At Young Age! 5 Ways To Prevent These Fatal Events
Good Hydration
Even in colder months, maintaining hydration is vital for heart health. Though you may not feel thirsty as often, winter air can make you dehydrated, which can eventually strain the heart. Drink ample amounts of water regularly to keep the blood flowing smoothly and ensure the heart is functioning optimally.
Regular Check-ups
For people with heart conditions, regular check-ups are essential. Regular evaluation of blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and overall heart health during winter can help avert complications. Seek prompt guidance from a heart care specialist, especially if you experience any unusual symptoms during the winter season.
Dietary Management
The winter season may tempt you to eat foods like fried snacks, pakoras, and other unhealthy options. However, it’s important to maintain a balanced and heart-healthy diet. Choose from a rich array of heart-friendly foods like whole grains, fruits, vegetables, lean protein, healthy fats, nuts and seeds, and antioxidant-rich foods that help control blood pressure and cholesterol. Avoid low-fat foods and limit your intake of salt, sugar, and saturated fats.
Who Needs Extra Care?
Elderly people and adults over 50 years old
People with a history of heart disease
Diabetics and hypertensive individuals
Smokers
Conclusion
Winter-related health problems are easily manageable and preventable with proper awareness, lifestyle modification, and healthy dietary practices. Staying warm, eating healthy, being active, and managing existing medical problems can significantly minimise the risk of cardiovascular disease.
References:
Winter Cardiovascular Diseases Phenomenon
Auda Fares
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3662093/
Cold Weather Exposure Linked to Increased Risk of Heart Attacks
Study shows increase in heart attack hospitalization two to six days after cold spells
https://www.acc.org/About-ACC/Press-Releases/2024/09/02/10/31/Cold-Weather-Exposure
Previous
