A metallic taste in the mouth refers to an unusual change in taste perception where food or saliva tastes metallic rather than normal. This is a symptom of taste disorder known as dysgeusia. It may occur abruptly or over a longer duration and is accompanied by a burning sensation in the mouth. Generally, taste alterations develop when taste buds, nerves or chemical balance in the system are affected.
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Common Causes of Metallic Taste in the Mouth
Oral issues
Poor oral hygiene may lead to taste dysfunction and result in a metallic taste in the mouth. A change in taste may be a symptom of various other oral conditions, including dry mouth, cavities and tongue infections. Gum disease also contributes to a metallic taste in the mouth. Blood in the mouth caused by bleeding gums can also cause a metallic taste.
Brushing your teeth twice a day and flossing at least once a day helps to maintain your mouth and teeth in good condition. In addition, fixing regular dental cleanings at least once every six months or as advised by your dentist may help ease your risk of oral problems.
Cold/infections
Your taste sensation is closely related to your sense of smell. When the sense of smell is changed, it can impact your sense of taste as well. Certain infections can affect your sense of smell and cause a metallic taste in the mouth, including:
Bacterial infections
Fungal infections
Hepatitis
HIV
Helicobacter pylori
Lyme disease
Hansen’s disease
Syphilis
Cytomegalovirus
COVID-19
Sinus infections
Medications /Supplements
Many medications can cause a metallic taste as a side effect, such as
Antibiotics
Antidepressants
Antihistamines
Blood pressure medications
Chemotherapy drugs
Supplements comprising iron, zinc, calcium, or multivitamins can also temporarily alter taste.
Acid Reflux (GERD)
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can cause stomach acid to flow back into the mouth, resulting in a metallic or bitter taste.
Also Read: 5 Natural Foods That Can Mimic Salty Taste In Your Food - Infographic
Pregnancy /Hormonal Changes
Hormonal variations, especially during early pregnancy, commonly cause taste changes. Many pregnant women experience a metallic taste due to changes in estrogen levels. This is usually temporary and resolves after the first trimester.
Vitamin/ Mineral Deficiencies
A deficiency in micronutrients can impact taste perception, mainly zinc deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, and iron imbalance. However, correcting these deficiencies often improves the taste perception.
Neurological Conditions
The central nervous system (CNS) sends messages to the rest of the body, including signalling about taste. Any CNS disorder or injury can alter these messages, resulting in impaired taste. Conditions that may cause a metallic taste in the mouth include
Dementia
Parkinson’s disease
Multiple sclerosis
Stroke
Chronic Medical Conditions
Some health conditions may cause a persistent metallic taste, including:
Kidney disease
Liver disorders
Thyroid imbalance
These conditions can alter metabolic or chemical balance in the body, affecting taste receptors.
Exposure to Chemicals / Heavy Metals
Exposure to chemical substances such as mercury, lead, copper and industrial chemicals can result in a metallic taste and requires prompt medical attention.
Foods
Metallic taste is a known symptom of certain food allergies, such as shellfish or tree nuts. Some people may also feel a metallic taste for more than a month after consuming pine nuts. Though it is a temporary condition, it is not an allergic reaction. This is sometimes called pine nut syndrome or pine mouth.
When Should You Seek Medical Help?
Seek medical advice if the metallic taste:
Persists for more than 1–2 weeks.
Occurs with weight loss, fatigue, or pain.
Accompanied by neurological symptoms.
Appears suddenly without a known cause.
Treatment
Treatment of metallic taste depends on the underlying cause. If sinus or infections are present, then the metallic taste should go away once the sinus issue or infections settle down. If a medication is causing a metallic taste, consult your doctor about other alternatives.
Here are some effective ways to ease or temporarily get rid of a metallic taste:
Go for sugar-free gum or sugar-free mints.
Brush your teeth twice daily, especially after dinner.
Stay well hydrated, which helps prevent dry mouth.
Avoid smoking cigarettes.
Try different foods, spices, and seasonings.
References:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/metallic-taste
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8895613_Metallic_taste_and_retronasal_smell
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