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Introduction About XPRAB INJECTION
XPRAB INJECTION is used to reduce the risk of acquiring Rabies infection prior to exposure to Rabies virus or after exposure. It contains Rabies Antigen (inactivated Rabies vero cells) which belongs to the group of medicines called Vaccines.
Rabies is an infection that can be transmitted when a person is bitten, scratched or even just licked by an infected animal.
XPRAB INJECTION is not recommended for use if you have an acute illness with a high fever. XPRAB INJECTION should be used with caution in patients who has history of allergy (such as asthma, hay fever). Consult your doctor before receiving it.
XPRAB INJECTION can be used in pregnant and breast-feeding women who have had or are likely to have contact with the virus and used for pre-exposure prophylaxis. Consult your doctor before receiving it.
The most common side effects of receiving XPRAB INJECTION are headache, dizziness, rash, hives, general discomfort, fatigue, weakness and fever. Contact your doctor if any of the symptoms worsen.
Uses Of XPRAB INJECTION
- To avoid rabies infection
How XPRAB INJECTION Works
XPRAB INJECTION contains inactivated rabies vero cells which works by introducing a killed version of the rabies virus into the body. Since the virus is inactivated, it can't cause the disease, but it can still stimulate the immune system. The body recognizes the virus as foreign and produces antibodies against it. These antibodies stay in the body, so if you are ever exposed to the actual rabies virus, your immune system can quickly fight it off, preventing the disease from developing.
How to use XPRAB INJECTION
XPRAB INJECTION will be given to you only by a doctor or a nurse into a muscle as an intramuscular injection (usually in the upper arm or in small children, into the muscle of the thigh). Your doctor will decide the correct dose and duration for you depending upon your age, body weight, previous vaccination status and disease condition. Do not administer the medicine into the buttocks, under the skin or into a blood vessel.
Side Effects Of XPRAB INJECTION
Common
- headache, dizziness
- rash, hives
- general discomfort
- fatigue, weakness
- fever
- swollen glands
- decreased appetite
- nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, stomach pain
- muscle pain, joint pain
- pain, redness, swelling, itching or bruising at the site of injection
- hardness of the skin at the site of injection
Rare
- tingling sensations
- sweating, chills
Stop receiving XPRAB INJECTION and contact your doctor if you experience any of the following side effects:
- signs of anaphylactic reactions (serious allergic reactions) such as shock (severe drop of blood pressure), itching, skin rash, swelling of face and/or neck, breathing difficulties, bluish discoloration of the tongue or lips, low blood pressure, rapid heart rate, weak pulse, skin coldness, dizziness and fainting
How To Manage Side Effects
Diarrhea
Drink lots of fluids, such as water or fruit juices to keep yourself hydrated. Do not take any medicine on your own to manage diarrhoea. Contact your doctor if your diarrhoea did not improve.
Dizziness Or Drowsiness
Try to rest and relax. Get enough sleep. Avoid driving or operating any machines while you are feeling dizzy. Contact your doctor if your dizziness did not improve.
Headache
Rest and relax. Drink plenty of fluids such as water or ORS (Oral Rehydrating Solution) and apply a pain-relieving balm on the head if necessary. Contact your doctor if your headache did not improve.
Nausea And Vomiting
Receive XPRAB INJECTION, with or just after a meal. Stick to simple meals. Avoid eating oily or spicy food. Contact your doctor if your nausea and vomiting did not improve.
Skin rash Or Itching
Avoid hot baths because hot water can irritate your skin further. Do not scratch the affected area. Use sunscreen and wear protective clothing while going outside. Use unscented moisturizers to soothe and hydrate the affected area. Contact your doctor if the rashes worsen.
Stomach Pain
Try to have smaller meals but take them frequently. Keep a heating pad on your stomach. Do not self-manage and contact your doctor if the stomach pain did not improve.
Warning & Precautions
Pregnancy
Consult your doctorXPRAB INJECTION can be used for pre-exposure prophylaxis in pregnant women who have had or are likely to have contact with infected animal. However, consult your doctor before receiving it.
Breastfeeding
Consult your doctorXPRAB INJECTION can be used for pre-exposure prophylaxis in breastfeeding women who have had or are likely to have contact with infected animal. However, consult your doctor before receiving it.
Allergy
ContraindicatedXPRAB INJECTION is not recommended for use if you are allergic to the rabies antigen or beta propiolactone or any of the other ingredients of this medicine.
Lungs
Use with CautionXPRAB INJECTION should be used with caution in patients who has a history of allergy (such as asthma). Consult your doctor before receiving XPRAB INJECTION.
Use In Pediatrics
Consult your doctorXPRAB INJECTION can be used in children and adolescents (aged below 18 years) under medical supervision. It should be used with caution in children (aged below 1 year). Therefore, consult your doctor before receiving it.
Others
XPRAB INJECTION is not recommended for use if you:
- have an acute illness with a high fever that requires management
Before receiving XPRAB INJECTION, inform your doctor if you:
- have history of any other reactions to the vaccine
- have any blood disorders that makes you bruise or bleed easily such as haemophilia or thrombocytopenia
- have poor immunity status
- have/has a severe allergy to egg or egg products or to polygeline, latex
- have/has a severe allergy to the antibiotics like neomycin, chlortetracycline or amphotericin B
- fainted with a previous injection of XPRAB INJECTION
- has a history of allergies (such as hay fever)
Interactions
A. Drug-Drug Interactions:
Before receiving XPRAB INJECTION, inform your doctor, if you are taking any of the following medicine:
- immunosuppressants (medicines that lower the body’s immune responses) such as corticosteroids Ex. dexamethasone, beclomethasone
Overdosage:
XPRAB INJECTION will be given to you only by a doctor or nurse in a hospital and so it is unlikely to receive an overdose. However, if you experience any unusual symptoms, consult your doctor immediately or visit the nearby hospital.
Synopsis
| Drug | : | Rabies Vaccine |
| Pharmacological Category | : | Vaccine |
| Therapeutic Indication | : | Rabies Prophylaxis |
| Dosage Forms | : | Injection |
More Information
Storage
- Keep XPRAB INJECTION out of the sight and reach of children
- Store XPRAB INJECTION in a refrigerator (at 2-8°C). Do not freeze
FAQs About XPRAB INJECTION
Q: Can I take other vaccines with XPRAB INJECTION?
A: XPRAB INJECTION can be given at the same time as other inactivated vaccines. A different injection site will be used for each type of vaccine. Consult your doctor before receiving XPRAB INJECTION.
Q: Can I receive XPRAB INJECTION with fever?
A: XPRAB INJECTION is generally not recommended for use in people who are ill, with a high temperature or acute infection, the vaccination will be postponed until you or your child have recovered. Your doctor may still decide to give the vaccine even if this applies to you or your child. This is because rabies is a serious disease.
Q: What side effects are seen with XPRAB INJECTION?
A: The most common side effects of receiving XPRAB INJECTION are headache, dizziness, rash, hives, general discomfort, fatigue, weakness and fever. Contact your doctor if any of the symptoms worsen.
Q: Who should avoid using XPRAB INJECTION?
A: XPRAB INJECTION is not recommended for use if you have an acute illness with a high fever that requires management or are allergic to rabies vaccine or beta propiolactone or any of the other ingredients of this medicine. Consult your doctor before receiving XPRAB INJECTION.
Q: How frequent should I receive XPRAB INJECTION?
A: The pre-exposure immunisation course consists of 3 injections at Day 0, Day 7 and either Day 21 or Day 28. If you are at high risk of exposure to rabies, your doctor will assess the need and plan further booster injections in line with official guidance. Post-exposure prophylaxis should be initiated as early as possible after suspected rabies exposure. Proper wound care must be done immediately or as early as possible after exposure. It must be before administration of rabies vaccine or rabies antibodies. Vaccine should be administered on Day 0, Day 3, Day 7, Day 14 and Day 28 for Post-exposure prophylaxis.
References
1. KD. Tripathi. Vaccines And Sera. Essentials of medical pharmacology. Seventh edition. 2013. Page-922.
2. Huang G, Liu H, Cao Q, Liu B, Pan H, Fu C. Safety of post-exposure rabies prophylaxis during pregnancy. NIH National Library of Medicine, National Center for Biotechnology Information. January 2013. [Accessed on 13th August 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3667934/
3. Bethesda (MD). Rabies Vaccine. Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed): National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. June 2020. [Accessed on 13th August 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501090/
4. Bavarian Nordic A/S. Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC). [Revised in February 2021] [Accessed on 13th August 2022] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.2502.pdf
Useful Diagnostic Tests
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
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