The First Trimester Prenatal Screening, Double Marker test is a simple blood test done between 11 and 14 weeks of pregnancy. It checks for the risk of certain genetic conditions in the developing baby, such as Down syndrome and other chromosomal abnormalities. The test measures two important substances in the mother's blood and, when combined with ultrasound results, helps doctors decide if more tests are needed. This screening is safe for both mother and baby and provides early information to guide a healthy pregnancy.

What it Measures

The Double Marker test looks at two main substances in the mother’s blood:

Free Beta-hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin):
This hormone is made by the placenta early in pregnancy. Its levels can help doctors understand if there might be a higher risk for certain genetic conditions. High levels may suggest an increased risk for Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), while lower levels can point to other chromosomal issues.
PAPP-A (Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A):
This protein is also produced by the placenta and is important for its healthy growth. Low levels of PAPP-A can mean there is a higher chance of chromosomal abnormalities, such as Edwards syndrome (Trisomy 18) or Patau syndrome (Trisomy 13).
Combined with Ultrasound (Nuchal Translucency Scan):
Sometimes, the Double Marker test is paired with an ultrasound that measures the thickness at the back of the baby’s neck (nuchal translucency). This combined approach gives a clearer picture of the baby’s risk for certain conditions.
Risk Calculation:
The results from these measurements, along with the mother’s age and other details, are used to calculate the chance (risk) that the baby may have a chromosomal abnormality. The result is not a diagnosis, but a risk estimate.

Why is it Important

Early Risk Assessment:
The test helps find out if the baby may have a higher risk of genetic problems early in pregnancy. This allows parents and doctors to plan ahead.
Non-Invasive and Safe:
The Double Marker test only needs a blood sample from the mother, so there is no risk to the baby.
Guides Further Testing:
If the test shows a higher risk, doctors may suggest other tests (like amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling) to get a clear diagnosis.
Reassurance for Parents:
A low-risk result can help parents feel more confident about their baby’s health and reduce worry during pregnancy.
Better Pregnancy Planning:
Knowing the risk early helps families and doctors make important decisions about care, support, and next steps if needed.

When Should I Get This Test?

If you are between 11 and 14 weeks pregnant.
If you are 35 years or older, the risk of chromosomal abnormalities increases with age.
If you or your partner have a family history of genetic conditions.
If your doctor recommends early screening based on your medical history.
If you want early information about your baby’s health to guide pregnancy planning.

Interpretation of Test Results

Understanding what your results might mean is helpful, but always discuss them with a doctor for a proper diagnosis.

Result Type	What it Means
Normal (Low Risk)	The baby is unlikely to have the tested chromosomal conditions. No further testing may be needed.
Borderline (Intermediate Risk)	The risk is not clearly high or low. Your doctor may suggest more tests or monitoring.
Abnormal (High Risk)	There is a higher chance of a chromosomal abnormality. Further diagnostic tests are usually recommended.

(Note: Specific normal ranges can vary slightly between labs and depending on individual factors. Always refer to the ranges provided on your report and consult your doctor.)

Additional Information

The Double Marker test is a screening tool, not a diagnostic test. A high-risk result does not mean your baby has a condition, only that more testing may be needed.
Some factors, like incorrect dating of pregnancy or certain medical conditions, can affect the results.
Always follow up with your doctor to discuss what your results mean for you and your baby.

Test Requirements

Sample Type: Blood sample from the mother’s arm.
Preparation Needed: Fasting is not required for this test. You can eat and drink normally before the test.
Precautions: Inform your doctor about any medicines you are taking or if you have any health conditions.

Partnered Health Labs:

FAQs

Do I need to fast before the Double Marker test?
No, fasting is not required for the Double Marker test. You can eat and drink as usual before your blood sample is taken.
What does a “high risk” Double Marker test result mean?
A high-risk result means your baby has a higher chance of having certain chromosomal conditions, like Down syndrome. It does not confirm a problem but suggests more tests may be needed. Always talk to your doctor for the next steps.
Can this test tell me for sure if my baby has Down syndrome?
No, the Double Marker test is a screening test. It only estimates the risk. If your result is high risk, your doctor may suggest diagnostic tests for a definite answer.
Is the test safe during pregnancy?
Yes, the test is safe. It only involves a blood sample from the mother and does not affect the baby or the pregnancy.
What should I do if my test result is abnormal?
Don’t panic. An abnormal result means you may need more tests, like an ultrasound or amniocentesis, to know for sure. Discuss your results with your doctor to get clear advice and support.

For more information, see Netmeds Health Library: Down Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms And Treatment

First Trimester Prenatal Screening, Double Marker (11 weeks to 14 weeks)

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