This test measures the presence of a protein called CD45 on immune cells (white blood cells), mainly B cells and T cells. CD45 is like an identification tag found on almost all immune cells. Detecting CD45 is important because its presence or absence can help doctors recognize certain blood-related cancers such as leukemia and lymphoma. This test is done mostly when a doctor suspects such diseases based on symptoms or risk factors. It helps confirm the involvement of immune cells in abnormal growths and guides treatment planning. The test uses a small sample of tissue taken from the body, usually through a biopsy, and does not need you to fast before the test.

What It Measures

The test looks for the CD45 protein, also known as the Leukocyte Common Antigen, which is found on the surface of immune cells. Here’s what it measures:

Presence of CD45 protein: This protein is found on all types of white blood cells, such as B cells, T cells, and others involved in the body’s defense system.
Identification of immune cells in tissue: By marking cells with CD45, the test helps identify if an abnormal growth or tumor has immune cells in it.
Differentiation of blood cancers: It helps distinguish leukemias and lymphomas—cancers that start in blood cells—from other non-immune cell tumors.
Assessment of immune cell activity: It helps doctors see how many white blood cells are involved in a disease process, which can help understand the illness better.
Guidance for diagnosis and treatment: The results assist in confirming disease types and planning the best treatment options.

This test uses immunohistochemistry (IHC), where specific antibodies bind to CD45 in the tissue sample and show whether or not the protein is present.

Why Is It Important

Helps diagnose blood cancers: Detecting CD45 protein confirms if a tumor involves white blood cells, aiding in diagnosing leukemias and lymphomas.
Distinguishes cancer types: It separates blood cell cancers from other types, which is important for correct treatment.
Monitors disease progress: The test can be repeated to check how well a treatment is working by tracking immune cell changes.
Supports treatment decisions: Knowing the type of immune cells involved helps doctors choose the best therapies.
Detects immune system disorders: The test also helps identify some other conditions affecting immune cells.

When Should I Get This Test?

You may be advised to get this test if you experience:

Unexplained fever, weight loss, and fatigue
Swelling of lymph nodes or lumps in the body
Family history of leukemia or lymphoma
Exposure to harmful chemicals like benzene or pesticides
Results from other tests suggesting blood or immune cell involvement

Interpretation of Test Results

Understanding what your results might mean is helpful, but always discuss them with a doctor for a proper diagnosis.

Result Type	What It Means
Normal	CD45 protein is present in expected amounts; no signs of immune cell cancer detected.
Borderline	CD45 levels are slightly abnormal; further tests may be needed.
Abnormal	CD45 protein is either absent or significantly increased; may indicate leukemia, lymphoma, or other immune cell-related disease. Further evaluation required.

(Note: Specific normal ranges can vary slightly between labs and depending on individual factors. Always refer to the ranges provided on your report and consult your doctor.)

Additional Information

The test uses tissue samples usually from a biopsy, not blood.
It is usually done along with other tests to confirm diagnosis.
Always consult your doctor for interpretation and next steps after the test.

Test Requirements

Sample type: Tissue biopsy (small piece of tissue)
Preparation: No fasting required
Precautions: Inform your doctor about any medications or health conditions before the test

FAQs

Do I need to fast before this test?
No fasting is required for the CD45 test since it uses tissue from a biopsy, not blood or urine. However, follow any specific advice given by your healthcare provider.
Can pregnancy affect this test?
Pregnancy does not affect the CD45 test results, as it detects immune cells’ protein in the tissue rather than changes from pregnancy. Inform your doctor about pregnancy for proper care.
What do abnormal results mean?
Abnormal CD45 results suggest possible blood cancers like leukemia or lymphoma, but further tests are needed to confirm diagnosis. Always discuss your results with your doctor for accurate interpretation.
What should I do after getting my test results?
Share your results with your healthcare provider, who will explain their meaning and recommend any further tests, treatment, or follow-up needed.
Why is this test combined with others?
CD45 test is part of a group of tests that together give a complete picture of your immune cell status. Using multiple tests helps doctors make an accurate diagnosis and choose the best treatment plan.

For more information, see Netmeds Health Library blog: Blood Cancer / Leukemia: Causes, Symptoms And Treatment

Partnered Health Labs:

Leucocyte Common Antigen (Lca) : Cd 45

Test provided by

Sample collection from

Test requirements

Doctor VerifiedReports

30+ Years of experience

Millions Happy Customers

Doctor Verified
Reports

30+ Years of
experience

Millions Happy
Customers