Emtri Tablet 60'S
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Introduction About EMTRI TABLET
EMTRI TABLET is a combination of Lamivudine, Nevirapine and Stavudine which belongs to the group of medicines called Antiretroviral drugs. It is used in adults and adolescents (12 years and older) to manage HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection.
HIV targets the immune system and weakens your defence against many infections that people with healthy immune systems can fight off. As the virus destroys and impairs the function of immune cells, infected individuals gradually become immunodeficient and reach the most advanced stage of HIV infection called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). It may present with the symptoms of any other infection like fever, throat pain, extreme tiredness, weight loss, muscle pain, etc.
During course of the management your doctor might take regular blood tests to avoid any untoward side effects. Avoid consumption of alcohol while taking EMTRI TABLET as it may increase side effects.
EMTRI TABLET is not suitable for use in children (aged less than 12 years). Before taking EMTRI TABLET, inform your doctor if you have any kidney, liver or skin problems.
EMTRI TABLET should be used in pregnant women only if considered necessary by your doctor and it should be used with caution in breastfeeding women.
The most common side effects of taking EMTRI TABLET are nausea, extreme tiredness, fever, headache, vomiting, diarrhea and stomach pain. Contact your doctor if any of the above side effects worsen.
Uses Of EMTRI TABLET
- Manage HIV infection
How EMTRI TABLET Works
EMTRI TABLET helps to control HIV infection where nevirapine, lamivudine and stavudine inhibit HIV replication through incorporation into viral DNA by binding to different sites of the enzyme HIV reverse transcriptase, resulting in obstruction of viral DNA synthesis.
How to use EMTRI TABLET
Take EMTRI TABLET as advised by your physician. Swallow the medicine with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medicine. Your doctor will decide the correct dose and duration for you depending upon your age, body weight and disease condition. Do not stop taking EMTRI TABLET unless your doctor advises you to stop.
Side Effects Of EMTRI TABLET
Common
- nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain
- extreme tiredness, fever, headache
- muscle pain
- increased fat in the upper back and neck, breast and around the trunk
- fat loss from the legs, hands and face
Rare
Stop taking EMTRI TABLET and consult your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following side effects:
- liver reactions (signs include tiredness, nausea, lack of appetite, yellow skin or whites of your eyes, dark urine, pale stools, pain or sensitivity to touch on the right side below your ribs)
- worsening of hepatitis B infection
- skin reaction (rash, feeling generally unwell, fever, muscle or joint pain, red or inflamed eyes, blisters, mouth sores, swelling of your face, tiredness)
- lactic acidosis, especially in women and overweight patients (signs include weakness, tiredness, nausea, vomiting, abnormal stomach discomfort, breathlessness, weakness in arms and legs)
- inflammation of pancreas (stomach pain, nausea, vomiting)
- peripheral neuropathy (continuing numbness, tingling, burning or pain in the feet or hands)
How To Manage Side Effects
Nausea or vomiting:
Take EMTRI TABLET with or just after meals. Stick to simple meals. Avoid eating oily, fried or spicy foods. Do not lie down or sleep immediately after eating. If nausea does not improve, consult your doctor.
Headache:
Drink ample amount of water. Get adequate rest. Try to be relaxed and stress free. Ask your doctor before taking any medicine for headache. If headache does not improve, consult your doctor.
Diarrhea:
Drink lot of fluids such as water or fruit juice to keep yourself hydrated. Do not consume any medicine on your own without consulting your doctor. If diarrhea does not improve, consult your doctor.
Stomach pain:
Try to rest and relax. Eat and drink slowly or try to have smaller meals more frequently. Keep a heat pad on your stomach. If the stomach pain does not improve, consult your doctor.
Warning & Precautions
Pregnancy
EMTRI TABLET should be used in pregnant women only if considered necessary by your doctor. Consult your doctor before taking it.
Breastfeeding
EMTRI TABLET is not recommended for use in breastfeeding women as it can pass into breast milk and cause serious adverse reactions in nursing infants. Consult your doctor before taking it.
Driving and Using Machines
Consult your doctor if you feel any side effect during management with EMTRI TABLET that may stop you from driving or using machines.
Kidney
EMTRI TABLET is not recommended for use in patients with moderately or severely impaired kidney function and for those who are undergoing dialysis. Consult your doctor before taking it.
Liver
EMTRI TABLET is not recommended for use in patients with severely impaired liver function. It should be used with caution in patients with moderately impaired liver function, liver disease or history of hepatitis. Consult your doctor before taking it.
Allergy
Do not take EMTRI TABLET if you are allergic to Lamivudine, Nevirapine, Stavudine or any of the other ingredients of this medicine.
Others
EMTRI TABLET is not recommended for use if you:
- have experienced and recovered from serious liver or skin reactions, blood problems or lactic acidosis that happened during previous management with this medicine
- are not infected with HIV
Before taking EMTRI TABLET, inform your doctor if you:
- have or had inflamed pancreas
- have gallstones
- have skin problems like rash
Use in Pediatrics:
EMTRI TABLET is not recommended for use in children and adolescents (younger than 12 years and weighing less than 50 kg). Consult your child’s doctor for advice.
Use in Geriatrics:
EMTRI TABLET should be used with caution in elderly patients (aged 65 years and above). Consult your doctor before taking it.
Interactions
A. Drug - Drug interactions:
Before taking EMTRI TABLET, inform your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicines:
- medicines used to manage hepatitis C (Ex. interferons, ribavirin)
- medicines used to manage fungal infections (Ex. ketoconazole, fluconazole)
- medicines used to manage bacterial infections (Ex. rifampin, clarithromycin, rifabutin, cotrimoxazole)
- methadone (used to manage opioid addiction)
- medicines used to manage viral infections (Ex. zalcitabine, ganciclovir, foscarnet, zidovudine)
- doxorubicin (used to manage certain types of cancer)
- St. John’s wort (used to manage depression)
- medicines used to manage pregnancy (Ex. desogestrel, ethinyl estradiol)
Overdosage:
If you or anyone else accidentally take too much of EMTRI TABLET, contact your doctor immediately or visit the nearby hospital. Overdosage symptoms of EMTRI TABLET includes swelling, redness, extreme tiredness, fever, headache, insomnia, nausea, pus or blood in lungs, rash, spinning sensation, vomiting, weight loss.
Synopsis
| Drug | : | Nevirapine, Lamivudine, Stavudine |
| Pharmacological Category | : | Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, (NNRTI), Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) |
| Therapeutic Indication | : | HIV infection |
| Dosage Forms | : | Tablet |
More Information
- Keep EMTRI TABLET out of reach of children
- Store at room temperature
FAQs About EMTRI TABLET
Q: Can I take EMTRI TABLET if I have hepatitis?
A: If you have hepatitis while you are taking EMTRI TABLET, your doctor will closely monitor your liver function. Be sure to tell your doctor about any medicines that you are taking for your hepatitis.
Q: Can I develop rashes while taking EMTRI TABLET?
A: Skin rash is the most common side effect of EMTRI TABLET. Most rashes occur in the initial 6 weeks of management. Rashes can turn serious, so stop taking this medicine and go to your doctor the moment you develop a rash.
Q: Can I drink alcohol with EMTRI TABLET?
A: Consuming alcohol with EMTRI TABLET may put you at a greater risk of developing an inflamed pancreas, so it is better to avoid it. Consult your doctor for further queries.
Q: How does EMTRI TABLET manage HIV infection?
A: EMTRI TABLET does not manage HIV infection. It reduces the amount of HIV virus in your body and increase CD4 cell counts (a type of white blood cell, which are important in maintaining a healthy immune system to help fight the infection). It is very important that you remain under the care of your doctor.
Q: Can EMTRI TABLET be taken during pregnancy?
A: EMTRI TABLET should be used in pregnant women only if considered necessary by your doctor. If you are pregnant, think you may be pregnant or are planning to get pregnant, consult your doctor before taking it. Inform your doctor immediately if you become pregnant during management with EMTRI TABLET.
Q: Can I still pass HIV to other during EMTRI TABLET management?
A: EMTRI TABLET does not lower the risk of passing HIV to other people. For yours and other health, it is important to always practice safe sex by using a condom or other barrier method to lower the chance of transmitting HIV through sexual contact. Avoid using or sharing dirty needles. Ask your doctor about other management measures.
Q: Can EMTRI TABLET be used in children?
A: No, EMTRI TABLET is used for adults and not recommended for children below 12 years of age or weighing less than 50 kgs. Your child’s doctor will decide the correct dose or select a suitable alternative therapy for your child.
Q: What if I miss a dose of EMTRI TABLET?
A: It is important not to miss any dose of EMTRI TABLET as it will make the infection harder to manage. If you miss a dose of EMTRI TABLET, take it as soon as you remember. However, omit the missed dose if it is almost time for the next dose. Do not take EMTRI TABLET twice to make up for a forgotten dose.
References
1. KD. Tripathi. Antiviral drugs. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology. Seventh edition. 2013. Page – 813
2. Siegfried NL, Van Deventer PJ, Mahomed FA, Rutherford GW. Stavudine, lamivudine and nevirapine combination therapy for treatment of HIV infection and AIDS in adults. NIH National Library of Medicine, National centre for biotechnology information. PubMed Central. April 2006. [Accessed on 1st July 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8407055/
3. Strides Arcolab Limited. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. [Accessed on 1st July 2022] https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/pepfar/022177PI.pdf
4. Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO). [Accessed on 1st July 2022] https://cdscoonline.gov.in/CDSCO/Drugs
Useful Diagnostic Tests
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Viral Load Test
- CD4 Count Test
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