The Cancer Antigen 125 (CA 125) test measures the amount of CA-125 protein in your blood. CA-125 is a protein that can be higher in some cancers, especially ovarian cancer, but can also rise due to non-cancerous conditions. This test helps doctors monitor cancer treatment, check for cancer recurrence, and sometimes assist in diagnosis. It is a simple blood test and does not require fasting, making it easy and accessible for most people.

Why is it Important?

Monitors Cancer Treatment: The test helps doctors see if ovarian or related cancer treatments are working by tracking CA-125 levels over time. Falling levels often mean treatment is effective.
Detects Recurrence: After cancer treatment, regular CA-125 tests can help detect if cancer has come back early, even before symptoms appear.
Assists in Diagnosis: If you have symptoms like pelvic pain, bloating, or unexplained weight loss, the CA-125 test may help doctors decide if more tests are needed.
Screens High-Risk Individuals: Women with a family history of ovarian cancer or certain genetic risks may be advised to take this test as part of regular health checks.
Monitors Non-Cancer Conditions: The test can also help track some non-cancerous conditions, like endometriosis, and see how well treatments are working.

When Should I Get This Test?

You have symptoms such as pelvic pain, bloating, or unexplained weight changes.
You are being treated for ovarian, endometrial, peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancer.
Your doctor wants to check if cancer has come back after treatment.
You have a family history of ovarian cancer or are at higher genetic risk.
You have been diagnosed with conditions like endometriosis and your doctor wants to monitor your health.

Interpretation of Test Results

Understanding what your results might mean is helpful, but always discuss them with a doctor for a proper diagnosis.

Result Type	What it Means
Normal (0–35 U/mL)	Usually means no significant abnormality; most people without cancer fall here.
Borderline (36–50 U/mL)	Could be due to benign conditions like periods, pregnancy, or mild inflammation.
High (>50 U/mL)	May suggest cancer or other serious conditions, but further tests are needed for confirmation.

(Note: Specific normal ranges can vary slightly between labs and depending on individual factors. Always refer to the ranges provided on your report and consult your doctor.)

Additional Information

The CA-125 test is not a standalone diagnostic tool; it should be interpreted with other tests and clinical findings.
High CA-125 can occur in pregnancy, menstruation, and some non-cancerous diseases, so do not panic if your result is high.
Always follow up with your doctor for advice on next steps, especially if your results are abnormal.

Test Requirements

Sample Type: Blood sample taken from a vein in your arm.
Preparation: Fasting is not required; you can eat and drink normally before the test.
Precautions: Inform your doctor about any medicines you are taking and if you are pregnant or menstruating, as these can affect results.

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FAQs

Do I need to fast before the CA-125 test?
No, fasting is not required for the CA-125 blood test. You can eat and drink as usual before your appointment. If your doctor orders other tests that require fasting, they will let you know in advance.
What should I do if my CA-125 result is high?
A high CA-125 does not always mean cancer. It can also be due to periods, pregnancy, or other non-cancerous conditions. Always talk to your doctor for a full evaluation and next steps.
Can the test be affected by pregnancy or periods?
Yes, both pregnancy and menstruation can cause higher CA-125 levels. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or on your period when you take the test, so they can interpret your results correctly.
What happens after I get test results?
If your result is normal, your doctor may not need to do anything more. If it is high or borderline, your doctor may order more tests, such as scans or repeat blood tests, to understand the cause. Always follow your doctor’s advice for next steps.
Is the test only for women with cancer?
No, this test can also help monitor women with non-cancerous conditions like endometriosis or fibroids, and it is sometimes used for women at higher risk of ovarian cancer. It is not a screening test for everyone but is helpful for specific health situations.

For more information, see Netmeds Health Library: CA-125 Test: Purpose, Procedure, And Results.

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