INTRODUCTION

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION contains Hyoscyamine, which belongs to the group of medicines called the Anticholinergic/Antispasmodic agents. It is used as an adjunctive therapy to treat peptic ulcers. It is also used to control gastric secretions, spasms in the internal organs, increased contractions & abdominal cramps associated with conditions such as spastic colitis (abnormal gut contractions), spastic bladder (sudden contractions of the bladder), cystitis (inflammation of the urinary bladder), and pylorospasm (abnormal contraction of the lower part of the stomach).

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION is also used as adjunctive therapy to treat irritable bowel syndrome (irritable colon, spastic colon, and mucous colitis), functional gastrointestinal disorders, neurogenic bladder, and neurogenic bowel disturbances (splenic flexure syndrome and neurogenic colon) in affected individuals.

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION is also used to reduce gut motility to facilitate diagnostic procedures (such as endoscopy or hypotonic duodenography), which is also used to reduce pain and hypersecretion in pancreatitis. The medicine is also used to treat partial heart block associated with vagal activity, which is also used to treat poisoning by anticholinesterase agents (agents that increase parasympathetic nerve stimulation) in affected individuals.

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION is also used as a pre-operative antimuscarinic agent to reduce salivary, airway, and gastric secretions and also to block cardiac vagal inhibitory reflexes (a sudden drop in blood pressure and heart rate) during the induction of anaesthesia and intubation, which also protects against peripheral muscarinic effects (such as increased heart rate and excessive secretions) produced by halogenated hydrocarbons and cholinergic agents (such as physostigmine, neostigmine, and pyridostigmine).

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION is also used to improve the radiologic visibility of the kidneys and to provide symptomatic relief for biliary colic (pain in the liver or gall bladder) and renal colic (pain in the kidney) in affected individuals.

A peptic ulcer is a condition that occurs when stomach acid damages the lining of the digestive tract. It is generally characterised by symptoms such as a burning sensation in the stomach, bloating, and/or heartburn. Irritable bowel syndrome is a common disorder that affects the large intestine and is characterised by symptoms such as abdominal cramping, diarrhoea, constipation, and bloating in affected individuals.

Functional intestinal disorders are common disorders that are generally characterised by persistent and recurring gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, an inability to swallow, and indigestion. A neurogenic bladder is a condition in which a person loses control over urination due to brain, spinal cord, or nerve problems.

Neurogenic bowel disturbances (splenic flexure syndrome and neurogenic colon) are conditions in which a person loses control over normal bowel functioning due to the brain, spinal, or nerve problems, which are generally characterised by symptoms such as constipation and/or diarrhoea.

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION is not recommended for use in patients with glaucoma (increased pressure in the eye), obstructive uropathy (hindered urine flow), myasthenia gravis (weak muscles), unstable cardiovascular status, and/or myocardial ischemia. Before receiving HYOCIMAX S INJECTION, inform your doctor if you have a hiatal hernia associated with reflux oesophagitis (inflammation of the oesophagus followed by acid reflux), coronary heart disease and congestive heart failure, reduced liver function, or kidney disease (such as a reduced renal function).

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION should be used with caution in pregnant women only if it is necessary, which is also the case in breastfeeding women. HYOCIMAX S INJECTION should also be used with caution in children and adolescents (below 18 years of age). Consult your doctor before receiving the medicine.

The most common side effects associated with the use of HYOCIMAX S INJECTION are dryness of the mouth and eyes, decreased sweating, headache, visual blurring, constipation, urinary retention, and impotence. Consult your doctor if any of your symptoms worsen.

USES OF HYOCIMAX S INJECTION

• Treats peptic ulcers
• Controls gastric secretions, relieves spasms in internal organs and increased contractions & abdominal cramps associated with conditions such as spastic colitis, spastic bladder, cystitis, and pylorospasm
• Treats irritable bowel syndrome (irritable colon, spastic colon, mucous colitis), functional gastrointestinal disorders, neurogenic bladder, and neurogenic bowel disturbances (splenic flexure syndrome and neurogenic colon)
• Reduces gut motility to facilitate diagnostic procedures such as endoscopy or hypotonic duodenography
• Reduce pain and hypersecretion in pancreatitis
• Treats partial heart block associated with vagal activity in certain cases
• Treats poisoning by anticholinesterase agents
• Reduces salivary, airway & gastric secretions and also blocks cardiac vagal inhibitory reflexes during induction of anaesthesia and intubation, which also protects against peripheral muscarinic effects produced by halogenated hydrocarbons and cholinergic agents (such as physostigmine, neostigmine, and pyridostigmine)
• Improves radiologic visibility of the kidneys and provides symptomatic relief from biliary colic (pain in the liver or gall bladder) & renal colic (pain in the kidney) conditions in affected individuals

HOW HYOCIMAX S INJECTION WORKS

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION works by blocking the action of certain neurotransmitters (chemical messengers) in the sweat glands, salivary glands, stomach wall, heart muscle, and the central nervous system, which results in reduced abnormal contractions or secretions, thus providing relief from associated symptoms in affected individuals.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION will be given to you only by a doctor or a nurse subcutaneously (under the skin), intramuscularly (into the muscle), or intravenously (into the vein) without dilution. Your doctor will decide the correct dose and duration for you depending on your age, body weight, and disease condition.

SIDE EFFECTS OF HYOCIMAX S INJECTION

HOW TO MANAGE SIDE EFFECTS

Headache:

Rest and drink lots of water. Do not strain your eyes by watching the screen for a long time. Consult your doctor if the condition persists or gets worse.

Constipation:

Try to eat more high-fibre foods such as fresh fruit, vegetables, and cereals. Drink plenty of water. Try doing exercise regularly (going for a daily walk or run). Consult your doctor if your symptoms get worse or persist.

Dry mouth:

Drink more and more cold water in regular sips during the day, and keep some water by your bed at night. Take sips of cold, unsweetened drinks. Use lip balm on dried lips. Consult your doctor if your symptoms get worse or persist.

WARNING & PRECAUTIONS

INTERACTIONS

A. Drug-Drug Interactions:

Before receiving HYOCIMAX S INJECTION, inform your doctor, if you are taking any of the following medicine:

• other anticholinergics (medicines used to block the action of acetylcholine) Ex. atropine, dicyclomine
• antimyasthenics (a medicine used to treat myasthenia gravis) Ex. rituximab
• amantadine (a medicine used to treat Parkinson’s disease)
• cyclopropane (a medicine used to anaesthetize the body)
• haloperidol (a medicine used to treat mental or mood disorders)
• ketoconazole (a medicine used to treat infections caused by fungi)
• metoclopramide (a medicine used to treat slow stomach emptying in diabetic patients)
• monoamine oxidase inhibitors (a medicine used to treat depression) Ex. phenelzine
• opioid/narcotic analgesics (medicines used to relieve pain) Ex. tramadol, oxycodone
• phenothiazines (a medicine used to treat serious mental and emotional disorders) Ex. chlorpromazine
• potassium chloride (a medicine used to treat low blood potassium levels)
• tricyclic antidepressants (a medicine used to treat depression) Ex. amitriptyline
• antihistamines (medicines used to treat allergic reactions) Ex. azelastine

Overdosage:

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION will be given to you only by a doctor or nurse in the hospital, so it is unlikely for you to receive an overdose. If you or anyone else accidentally receives too much of this medicine, consult your doctor immediately or visit the nearby hospital. Symptoms of overdose are headache, nausea, vomiting, fever, blurred vision, dilated pupils, hot dry skin, dizziness, dryness of the mouth, difficulty in swallowing, and CNS stimulation (depersonalization, dizziness, facial tics, headaches, and sleeplessness).

SYNOPSIS

MORE INFORMATION

• Keep the medicine out of reach from children
• Store HYOCIMAX S INJECTION at 25°C 

FAQs ABOUT HYOCIMAX S INJECTION

What is the function of HYOCIMAX S INJECTION?

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION is used to treat peptic ulcers and is also used to control gastric secretions, spasms in internal organs, and increased contractions and abdominal cramps. HYOCIMAX S INJECTION is used to treat irritable bowel syndrome, functional gastrointestinal disorders, neurogenic bladder, and neurogenic bowel disturbances (as adjunctive therapy), which is also used to reduce gut motility to facilitate diagnostic procedures such as endoscopy. HYOCIMAX S INJECTION is used to reduce pain and hypersecretion in pancreatitis; it is also used to treat partial heart block associated with vagal activity and treat poisoning due to anticholinesterase agents. HYOCIMAX S INJECTION is also used as a pre-operative antimuscarinic agent and to improve radiologic visibility of the kidneys, which provides symptomatic relief in affected individuals with biliary and renal colic conditions. Consult your doctor before receiving the medicine.

What happens if you take more HYOCIMAX S INJECTION than your required dose?

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION will be given to you only by a doctor or nurse in a hospital, so it is unlikely that you will receive an overdose. If you or anyone else accidentally receives too much of this medicine, consult your doctor immediately or visit the nearby hospital. Symptoms of overdose are headache, nausea, fever, vomiting, blurred vision, dilated pupils, dry hot skin, dizziness, dryness of the mouth, difficulty swallowing, and CNS stimulation (depersonalization, dizziness, facial tics, headaches, and sleeplessness).

What side effects are seen with the use of HYOCIMAX S INJECTION?

The most common side effects associated with the use of HYOCIMAX S INJECTION are dryness of the mouth and eyes, decreased sweating, headache, visual blurring, constipation, urinary retention, and impotence. Consult your doctor if any of these symptoms worsen.

Who should avoid receiving HYOCIMAX S INJECTION?

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION is not recommended for use in patients with glaucoma (increased eye pressure), obstructive uropathy (hindered urine flow), gastrointestinal obstructive diseases such as achalasia (difficulty passing food from the oesophagus to the stomach), severe ulcerative colitis (intestinal ulcer), myasthenia gravis (weak muscles), unstable cardiovascular status, and/or myocardial ischConsult your doctor before receiving the medicine.

How does HYOCIMAX S INJECTION work?

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION works by blocking the action of certain neurotransmitters (chemical messengers) in the sweat glands, salivary glands, stomach wall, heart muscle, and the central nervous system, which results in reduced abnormal contractions or secretions, thus providing relief from associated symptoms in affected individuals.

What is a method of receiving HYOCIMAX S INJECTION?

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION will be given to you only by a doctor or a nurse subcutaneously (under the skin), intramuscularly (into the muscle), or intravenously (into the vein) without dilution. Your doctor will determine the correct dose and duration for you depending on your age, body weight, and disease condition.

Can HYOCIMAX S INJECTION be given to children and elderly patients?

Yes, HYOCIMAX S INJECTION can be administered with caution in children and adolescents (below 18 years of age), and it is also given with caution in elderly patients (aged 65 years or above). Consult your doctor before receiving the medicine.

Is HYOCIMAX S INJECTION safe to be used by pregnant and breastfeeding women?

HYOCIMAX S INJECTION should be used with caution in pregnant women and only when necessary.HYOCIMAX S INJECTION should be used with caution in nursing mothers because it can pass through the milk. Consult your doctor before receiving the medicine.

Is it safe to drive while receiving HYOCIMAX S INJECTION?

Do not drive or operate any machines while receiving HYOCIMAX S INJECTION because this medicine can cause drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision. Consult your doctor before receiving HYOCIMAX S INJECTION.

REFERENCES

1. Laurence Brunton. Treatment of Disorders of Bowel Motility and Bowel Flux; Anti-Emetics; Agents used in Biliary and Pancreatic Disease. Goodman and Gillman’s The Pharmacological Basics of Therapeutics. Twelfth Edition. 2011. Page – 1340.

2. Grace Juyun Kim, Kye Hwa Lee, and Ju Han Kim. South Korean geriatrics on Beers Criteria medications at risk of adverse drug events. NIH National Library of Medicine. National Center for Biotechnology Information. PMC PubMed Central.  March 2018. [Accessed on 11th August 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5854240/

3. Hyoscyamine. NIH National Library of Medicine. National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem. August 2022. [Accessed on 11th August 2022] https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Hyoscyamine#section=Biological-Half-Life

4. BPI Labs LLC. Dailymed. NIH U.S National Library of Medicine. [Revised in December 2021] [Accessed on 11th August 2022] https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=6c0a1fef-c634-4ecf-9850-d188e6496b90

USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

• Gastroscopy
• ECC