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INTRODUCTION
COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET contains Empagliflozin which belongs to the group of medicines called Anti-diabetic drugs. It is used to manage type 2 diabetes in adults, that cannot be controlled by diet and exercise alone. It can also help in reducing the risk of heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Also, it is used in the management of heart failure in adult patients with weak pumping function.
Diabetes can be defined as inability of your body to produce and use enough insulin (a hormone made by pancreas), resulting in abnormal blood glucose levels. It can show symptoms like increased thirst, urination and hunger, blurry vision, numbness in hands or feet or tiredness. Heart failure occurs when the heart is weak and unable to pump enough blood to the lungs and the rest of the body, creating symptoms like breathlessness, tiredness and ankle swelling.
Appropriate diet and exercise can help your body use its blood sugar better. Follow any advice given by your doctor regarding foot care. Prior to the management, your doctor may want you to take several blood tests to understand your existing condition.
Before taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET, inform your doctor if you have any serious liver, kidney or heart problems or diabetes type 1. COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET is not recommended in pregnant or breastfeeding women, therefore consult your doctor before taking. COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET is not recommended for use in children and adolescents (below 18 years of age).
Due to limited therapeutic experience, elderly patients (above 75 years of age) should consult the doctor before taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET. The most common side effects of taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET are low blood sugar, genital infection, frequent urination, rash, itching, thirst, or constipation. Consult your doctor if any of the symptoms get worsen.
USES OF COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET
It is used to:
- manage type 2 diabetes mellitus
- reduce the risk of heart disease in diabetic patients
- manage heart failure (with symptoms due to a weak pump function of the heart)
HOW COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET WORKS
COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET works by blocking a protein (SGLT2) in your kidneys. This results in removal of blood sugar (glucose) in your urine, thus lowering the amount of sugar in your blood. It also helps protect your heart from getting weaker and relieve your symptoms.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE
Take COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET as advised by your physician. Swallow the medicine with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medicine. Your doctor will decide the correct dose and duration for you depending upon your age, body weight and disease condition. Do not stop taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET unless your doctor advice you to stop.
SIDE EFFECTS OF COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET
COMMON
- low blood sugar levels (shaking, sweating, feeling very anxious or confused, fast heartbeat, excessive hunger, headache)
- urinary tract infection (burning sensation when passing urine, cloudy-looking urine, pain in the pelvis or mid-back)
- dehydration (unusual thirst, light-headedness or dizziness upon standing, fainting or loss of consciousness)
- genital yeast infection (itching in vagina, burning sensation during intercourse, vaginal pain, redness, rash, swelling, white discharge)
- frequent urination
- itching, rash or red skin
- constipation
UNCOMMON
- hives
- stretching or pain when emptying the bladder
RARE
- fournier’s gangrene (a serious infection of the genitals or the area between the genitals and the anus)
Stop taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET and consult your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following side effects:
- severe allergic reaction (swelling of the face, lips, mouth, tongue, or throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing)
- diabetic ketoacidosis (rapid weight loss, nausea, stomach pain, too much thirst, breathlessness, confusion, tiredness, a sweet-smelling breath, a sweet or metallic taste in your mouth or a different odour to your urine or sweat)
HOW TO MANAGE SIDE EFFECTS
Constipation
Eat plenty of fiber rich foods such as fresh fruits, vegetables, and cereals and drink plenty of water. Exercise more regularly. Consult your doctor if the symptom does not improve.
Hypoglycemia
Have a fruit juice, glucose tablets or gel, soft drinks, honey, or sugary candy. Check your blood sugar after 10 minutes. If not gained optimum level, take another sugary snack or drink, and check the blood sugar again. If the symptom does not improve, contact your doctor.
Nausea And Vomiting
Take this medicine with, or just after meals. Stick to simple meals. Avoid eating oily or spicy foods. Consult your doctor if the symptom does not improve.
Stomach Pain
Try to rest and relax. Eat and drink slowly or try to have smaller and more frequent meals. Keep a heat pad on your stomach. If the symptom does not improve, contact your doctor.
WARNING & PRECAUTIONS
PREGNANCY
ContraindicatedCOSPIAQ 10MG TABLET is generally not recommended for use in pregnant women. Consult your doctor before taking it.
BREASTFEEDING
ContraindicatedCOSPIAQ 10MG TABLET is generally not recommended for use in breastfeeding women. It is not known if this medicine passes into human breast milk, so consult your doctor before taking it.
DRIVING AND USING MACHINES
Use with CautionDo not drive or operate any machines if you feel dizzy after taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET.
KIDNEY
Use with CautionCOSPIAQ 10MG TABLET should be taken with caution in patients with severe kidney disease and serious infection of the kidney. Consult your doctor before taking it.
LIVER
Use with CautionCOSPIAQ 10MG TABLET should be used with caution in patients with severe liver disease. Consult your doctor before taking it.
ALLERGY
ContraindicatedDo not take COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET if you are allergic to Empagliflozin.
USE IN PEDIATRICS
ContraindicatedCOSPIAQ 10MG TABLET is generally not recommended for use in children and adolescents (under 18 years of age). Consult your doctor before taking it.
USE IN GERIATRICS
Consult your doctorDue to limited therapeutic experience, elderly patients (above 75 years of age) should consult the doctor before taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET.
OTHERS
Before taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET, inform your doctor if you:
- have type 1 diabetes (usually starts when you are young, and your body does not produce any insulin)
- might be at risk of dehydration (nausea, diarrhea, fever, not being able to eat or drink)
- serious infection of the urinary tract with fever
- have a serious infection called necrotising fasciitis of the perineum or Fournier’s gangrene (pain, tenderness, redness, or swelling of the genitals or the area between the genitals and the anus with fever or feeling generally unwell)
INTERACTIONS
A. Drug-Drug interactions:
Before taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET, inform your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicine:
- diuretics (used to lower blood pressure and fluid retention) Ex. Furosemide, chlorthalidone
- sulphonylureas (used to treat high blood sugar levels) Ex. Glimepiride, glyburide
Overdosage:
If you or anyone else accidentally take too much of COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET, consult your doctor immediately or visit the nearby hospital.
SYNOPSIS
| Drug | : | Empagliflozin |
| Pharmacological Category | : | Sodium Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor |
| Therapeutic Indication | : | Diabetes mellitus type-2, heart failure |
| Dosage Forms | : | Tablet |
MORE INFORMATION
- Keep COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET out of reach of children
- Do not store above 30°C
FAQs ABOUT COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET
Q: Can COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET be used in infants?
A: No. COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET is used for adults and not recommended for children and adolescents below 18 years of age. Your doctor will decide the correct dose or select a suitable alternative therapy for your child.
Q: Is COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET safe in pregnancy?
A: COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET is not recommended for use during pregnancy. If you are pregnant, think you may be pregnant or are planning to get pregnant, ask your doctor before taking this medicine. It is unknown if it is harmful for the unborn child.
Q: How COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET should be taken? Can it be crushed?
A: No. Do not crush COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET. Take the medicine as advised by your physician. Swallow the medicine with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medicine. Your doctor will decide the correct dose and duration for you depending upon your age, body weight and disease condition.
Q: Can COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET be stopped taking on own?
A: Do not stop taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET unless your doctor advice you to stop. If you have type 2 diabetes mellitus, your blood sugar levels may increase when you stop taking this medicine.
Q: What precautions do I need to follow while taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET?
A: Patients taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET must inform their doctor about their pre-existing disease conditions like kidney, liver or heart problems. Patients should also inform if they are pregnant, breast-feeding, having any allergies, serious urinary tract and genital infections, or risk of dehydration. Consult your doctor immediately if you experience any unusual symptoms.
Q: Can COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET cause hypoglycemia?
A: Yes. COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET may cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels). In such case, have a fruit juice, glucose tablets or gel, soft drinks, honey, or sugary candy. Check your blood sugar after 10 minutes. If not gained optimum level, take another sugary snack, or drink, and check the blood sugar again.
Q: What COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET is used for?
A: COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET is used to manage type 2 diabetes in adults, that cannot be controlled by diet and exercise which is also used to reduce the risk of heart disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Q: What is the difference between metformin and COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET?
A: COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET is an antidiabetic medicine, intended to manage type 2 diabetes by working on the kidneys to prevent the absorption of glucose (blood sugar) resulting in decreased blood sugar level. Metformin is an antidiabetic medicine which acts on stomach and liver to reduce the absorption of sugar that results in regulating the blood sugar level.
Q: What are the side effects of COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET?
A: The most common side effects of taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET are genital yeast infection (thrush), passing more urine than usual or needing to pass urine more often, itching, rash or red skin, thirst, and or constipation. Consult your doctor if any of your symptoms get worsen over the time.
Q: What is the best time of day to take COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET?
A: COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET comes in a tablet form which is generally taken by mouth once a day in the morning with or without food or as advised by your consulting doctor.
Q: What are the dangers of taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET?
A: Patients taking COSPIAQ 10MG TABLET may experience signs of urinary tract infection such as burning sensation while passing urine and pain in the pelvis which should be considered serious and doctor should be contacted at the earliest to manage the effect.
REFERENCES
1. Joseph T. DiPiro, Robert L. Talbert, Gary C. Yee, Gary R. Matzke, Barbara G. Wells, L. Michael Posey. Diabetes Mellitus. Pharmacotherapy- A Pathophysiologic Approach. Eighth edition. Page-1263, 1264.
2. Uche Anadu Ndefo, Nicole O. Anidiobi, Efrah Basheer, and Angie T. Eaton. Empagliflozin (Jardiance): A Novel SGLT2 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Type-2 Diabetes. NIH National Library of Medicine, National center for biotechnology information. PMC. Pubmed Central. [Revised in January 2015] [Accessed on 18th April 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4450666/
3. NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde. Studies of Empagliflozin and Its Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Effects (SUGAR-DM-HF). NIH U.S. National Library of Medicine ClinicalTrials.gov. [Revised in September 2020] [Accessed on 18th April 2022] https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03485092
4. Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG. Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC). [Revised in January 2022] [Accessed on 18th April 2022] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.5441.pdf
USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
- Glucose-Fasting Blood
- Glucose-Postprandial Blood
- Glycosylated Hemoglobin
- Liver Function Test (LFT)
- Kidney Function Test (KFT)
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Serum ketone test
AUTHOR DETAILS
Written By Dr. R. Dinesh John Rajkumar, Pharm.D
Last updated on 21 Oct 2023 | 04:07 PM(IST)
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