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Introduction About PENTASA 1GM ENEMA

PENTASA 1GM ENEMA is an anti-inflammatory medicine used for managing ulcerative colitis, a type of bowel inflammation. It contains an active ingredient called mesalamine (also known as mezalasine) which works by reducing diarrhea, stomach pain and bleeding caused by bowel inflammation.

As an extended-release pellet, it provides targeted action throughout the colon, making it an effective option for patients needing full-colon coverage. It is commonly prescribed to induce and maintain remission, preventing flare-ups and long-term complications of ulcerative colitis.

This medication is generally well-tolerated, but some patients may experience mild side effects like nausea, gas, headache, or abdominal discomfort. Serious side effects, such as kidney or liver issues, are rare but require medical attention. It can be taken with or without food, though taking it with food may help reduce stomach discomfort. Regular kidney function monitoring is recommended, especially for elderly patients or those with existing kidney disease.

For maximum effectiveness, PENTASA 1GM ENEMA should be taken exactly as prescribed, without skipping doses. It should not be crushed or chewed, as this affects its extended-release properties. While PENTASA 1GM ENEMA helps manage ulcerative colitis, it does not cure it, so long-term adherence to treatment is important. Patients should avoid alcohol and NSAIDs, which may worsen symptoms, and consult their doctor before making any medication changes.

Before taking PENTASA 1GM ENEMA, inform your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or having any liver, kideny or heart problems.

Uses Of PENTASA 1GM ENEMA

Ulcerative colitis
Stomach pain, bleeding and diarrhea caused by bowel inflammation

Benefits of PENTASA 1GM ENEMA

PENTASA 1GM ENEMA is a clinically proven therapy for ulcerative colitis, offering long-lasting relief by reducing inflammation in the colon. It helps control gastrointestinal symptoms and supports intestinal healing for better digestive health.

PENTASA 1GM ENEMA for ulcerative colitis:

PENTASA 1GM ENEMA effectively reduces inflammation in the colon, easing symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding.
It helps maintain remission and prevents flare-ups in ulcerative colitis patients.
It also supports gut lining repair, promoting long-term intestinal health.
Supports gut microbiome balance, enhancing overall digestive system function.
Recommended for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to prevent flare-ups.

Anti-inflammatory Properties of PENTASA 1GM ENEMA

PENTASA 1GM ENEMA contains mesalamine, as an active ingredient that inhibits inflammatory mediators in the colon.
Mesalamine works by reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, relieving pain and discomfort.
Mesalamine also helps protect the colonic epithelial lining, preventing damage caused by free radicals and oxidative stress.
It enhances the function of the gastrointestinal barrier, promoting better absorption and digestion.

How PENTASA 1GM ENEMA Works

PENTASA 1GM ENEMA contains mesalamine (5-ASA), a medicine that helps reduce swelling and irritation in the colon. It works by:

Calming inflammation – Blocks certain chemicals in the body that cause redness, swelling, and pain in the intestines.
Protecting the gut lining – Helps heal the colon and prevents further damage.
Reducing symptoms – Eases abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding caused by ulcerative colitis.
Working directly in the colon – Acts at the site of inflammation, so it has fewer side effects compared to other medications.

PENTASA 1GM ENEMA is used to control ulcerative colitis, prevent flare-ups, and keep the condition under control for long-term gut health.

How to use PENTASA 1GM ENEMA

How to Take PENTASA 1GM ENEMA?

Take PENTASA 1GM ENEMAexactly as prescribed by your doctor.
Swallow the pellet whole with water—do not crush or chew.
It is usually taken once or twice daily, depending on your condition.

Recommended Dosage for Ulcerative Colitis

The dosage depends on the severity of symptoms and your doctor’s advice.
Typically, doctors prescribe 500 mg to 1.5 g per day, divided into doses.
For maintenance therapy, a lower dose is used to prevent flare-ups.

Can PENTASA 1GM ENEMABe Taken with Food?

Yes, PENTASA 1GM ENEMA can be taken with or without food.
Taking it with meals may help reduce stomach discomfort.

What if I forgot to take PENTASA 1GM ENEMA

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember.
If it’s almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose—do not double up.
Follow your regular dosing schedule to maintain effectiveness.

Overdose

Taking too much PENTASA 1GM ENEMA can cause severe stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, or diarrhea.
In case of overdose, seek immediate medical help or contact a doctor right away.

Side Effects Of PENTASA 1GM ENEMA

Like all medicines, PENTASA 1GM ENEMA may cause certain side effects in some individuals, although not everybody gets them.

Common Side Effects of PENTASA 1GM ENEMA:

abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, flatulence
headache
rash

Severe Reactions and When to Seek Medical Help?

Stop taking PENTASA 1GM ENEMA and consult your doctor immediately in case you experience:

serious skin reactions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis associated with symptoms such as reddish non-elevated, target-like/circular patches on the trunk associated with central blisters, skin peeling, ulcers of eyes, nose, mouth, throat and/or genitals
signs of severe allergic reaction such as severe skin rashes, difficulty in breathing/swallowing, swelling of the face/neck
suddenly developed abdominal cramps/pain, fever, severe headache and/or rash

How To Manage Side Effects

Bloating

Avoid gas-producing foods – Limit beans, cabbage, onions, carbonated drinks, and fried foods.
Eat slowly and chew well – Eating too fast can cause you to swallow air, leading to bloating.
Drink warm water – This helps digestion and reduces bloating. Herbal teas like peppermint or chamomile can also help.
Exercise lightly – A short walk after meals can help release trapped gas.
Try probiotics – Yogurt or probiotic supplements may help balance gut bacteria and reduce bloating.

Headache

Stay hydrated – Drink at least 8 glasses of water per day. Dehydration can worsen headaches.
Limit caffeine and alcohol – These can trigger or worsen headaches.
Rest in a dark, quiet room – Reducing screen time and exposure to bright lights may help relieve headaches.
Use a cold compress – Apply a cold or warm towel to the forehead for relief.
Try gentle neck stretches – If the headache is due to tension, simple shoulder and neck stretches can help.

Nausea And Vomiting

Take with food or milk – Eating something light before taking the medicine can help prevent stomach irritation.
Eat small, frequent meals – Instead of three large meals, try five to six smaller meals throughout the day.
Avoid greasy, spicy, and strong-smelling foods – These can trigger nausea. Opt for bland foods like toast, crackers, or bananas.
Stay hydrated – Sip on ginger tea, lemon water, or peppermint tea to soothe nausea. Avoid carbonated drinks.
Try deep breathing or fresh air – Step outside for fresh air or take slow, deep breaths to reduce queasiness.

Warning & Precautions

Pregnancy

Consult your doctor

There are limited studies on mesalamine in humans. However, animal studies have shown harmful effects on the developing baby. Therefore, your doctor will weigh the benefits and any potential risks before prescribing it to you.

Breastfeeding

Use with Caution

PENTASA 1GM ENEMA should be used with caution in breastfeeding women only if it is clearly necessary since the medicine may cause allergic reactions in new-borns (after breastfeeding). The medicine is advised to be discontinued from use if new-borns develop diarrhoea. Consult your doctor before taking the medicine.

Driving and Using Machines

Safe

PENTASA 1GM ENEMA is unlikely to affect your ability to drive and/or operate machines.

Alcohol

Consult your doctor

Consult and inform your doctor if you are planning to consume alcohol while taking PENTASA 1GM ENEMA

Kidney

Consult your doctor

PENTASA 1GM ENEMA should be used with caution in patients with kidney disease (e.g., chronic kidney disease, nephritis), as mesalamine may cause kidney toxicity (interstitial nephritis). Monitor kidney function (Creatinine, eGFR, BUN) regularly.
PENTASA 1GM ENEMA is not recommended for use in patients with severe renal impairment due to the risk of worsening kidney function.

Liver

Consult your doctor

PENTASA 1GM ENEMA should be used with caution in people with liver disease (e.g., hepatitis, cirrhosis) as mesalamine is metabolized in the liver. Regular liver function tests (LFTs) are recommended to monitor for liver toxicity. Avoid use in severe liver failure due to the risk of further liver damage.

Allergy

Contraindicated

Do not take PENTASA 1GM ENEMA if you are allergic to Mesalamine, salicylates, sulfasalazine and/or any other ingredients of this medicine.

Lungs

Consult your doctor

Patients with a history of asthma or lung disease may experience worsening symptoms, as mesalamine can trigger hypersensitivity reactions. Monitor for breathing difficulties or worsening asthma symptoms. If wheezing or shortness of breath occurs, stop the medication and consult a doctor immediately.

Heart Disease

Use with Caution

Clinical studies have reported rare cases of myocarditis (heart inflammation) and pericarditis (inflammation around the heart) have been reported with mesalamine use. Therefore, caution is advised in heart disease patients, especially those with a history of myocarditis or pericarditis. Seek immediate medical help if you experience chest pain, palpitations, or shortness of breath.

Use In Pediatrics

Consult your doctor

Limited data on safety and effectiveness in children under 5 years old. Therefore, PENTASA 1GM ENEMA can be used in pediatric ulcerative colitis, but only under a doctor’s supervision. Dosage adjustments may be needed based on weight and disease severity.

Use In Geriatrics

Consult your doctor

Older adults are more prone to kidney, liver, and heart-related side effects due to reduced organ function. Start with the lowest effective dose and monitor organ function regularly. Risk of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance may be higher in elderly patients, so adequate hydration is essential.

Other Warnings for PENTASA 1GM ENEMA

Before taking PENTASA 1GM ENEMA inform your doctor if you:

have an active peptic ulcer (stomach/duodenal ulcer)

Who should not take [GBNKEYWORD

PENTASA 1GM ENEMA is not recommended for use if you:

from bleeding disorders

Safety Advice

Best Practices for Maximum Effectiveness:

Follow the prescribed dosage and schedule given by your doctor. Do not skip doses, as this can reduce its effectiveness.
It can be taken with or without food based on your tolerance. If you experience stomach upset, take it with a light meal or milk.
Drink plenty of water throughout the day to prevent kidney-related side effects.
Avoid alcohol and caffeinated drinks, as they may irritate the stomach.
Take PENTASA 1GM ENEMA at the same time every day for better absorption and effectiveness.
Eat a balanced diet rich in fiber, unless your doctor advises otherwise.
Avoid spicy, fatty, and processed foods that may worsen colitis symptoms.
Include probiotic-rich foods (yogurt, fermented foods) to support gut health.
If you experience severe abdominal pain, bloody stools, breathing difficulty, or allergic reactions, seek medical help immediately.
Get kidney and liver function tests as recommended by your doctor.
Inform your doctor if you take NSAIDs, blood thinners, corticosteroids, or immunosuppressants.
Take proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) like omeprazole at a different time to avoid absorption issues.
Manage stress with meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises.
Engage in light physical activity like walking, as it supports digestion and overall health.
Get enough sleep, as rest is crucial for gut healing.

Drug - Drug interaction

NSAIDs (Ibuprofen, Aspirin, Naproxen, Diclofenac): May increase the risk of kidney damage when used with mesalamine. If needed, use under medical supervision.
Azathioprine & Mercaptopurine (Immunosuppressants for IBD & Transplants): Can increase the risk of bone marrow suppression, leading to low blood cell counts. Regular blood tests are recommended to monitor for side effects.
Methotrexate (Used for Cancer, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriasis): May increase liver toxicity when taken with mesalamine. Monitor liver function tests (LFTs) regularly.
Corticosteroids (Prednisolone, Dexamethasone, Budesonide): May increase the risk of stomach ulcers and bleeding. Avoid long-term use together unless advised by a doctor.
Proton Pump Inhibitors (Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, Esomeprazole): May reduce the absorption of mesalamine, making it less effective. If both are needed, take them at different times of the day.
Blood Thinners (Warfarin, Clopidogrel, Heparin): May increase the risk of bleeding complications. Regular blood clotting tests (INR/PT) may be needed.

Drug - Food interaction

High-Fat Meals: Eating very fatty foods may slow down absorption, delaying the effect of mesalamine. Stick to a balanced diet while on treatment.
Dairy Products (Milk, Cheese, Yogurt): No major interactions, but taking the medication with milk can help reduce stomach irritation.
Alcohol: May increase the risk of stomach irritation, ulcers, and liver toxicity. Limit or avoid alcohol while taking PENTASA 1GM ENEMA
Caffeine (Coffee, Tea, Energy Drinks): Can worsen nausea or headaches, which are common side effects of mesalamine. Reduce caffeine intake if these side effects occur.

Synopsis

Drug	:	Mesalamine
Pharmacological Category	:	Salicylates
Therapeutic Indication	:	Ulcerative colitis
Dosage Forms	:	Tablets, Suppositories, Sachet, Granules, Powder, Pellet, Enema

More Information

PENTASA 1GM ENEMA vs Other Mesalamine Treatment

Feature	PENTASA 1GM ENEMA (Oral, Extended-Release)	Other Oral Mesalamine (Tablets/Capsules)	PENTASA 1GM ENEMA (Rectal Suspension)	Canasa Suppository (Rectal)
Form	Oral extended-release pellet	Oral delayed/extended-release tablets/capsules	Rectal enema	Rectal suppository
Target Area	Entire colon (from rectum to large intestine)	Varies by formulation (small intestine & colon)	Left-sided colon & rectum	Rectum only
Best For	Mild-to-moderate UC covering the entire colon	Mild-to-moderate UC, location-specific options	Left-sided UC, proctosigmoiditis	Ulcerative proctitis (rectal inflammation)
Dosing Frequency	Once daily	Varies (once to three times daily)	Once daily or as needed	Once or twice daily
Speed of Action	Moderate onset	Moderate onset	Faster relief for rectal symptoms	Very fast for rectal symptoms
Administration	Oral (swallowed whole, no crushing/chewing)	Oral (swallowed whole, some require multiple doses/day)	Rectal (requires retention for hours)	Rectal (insert into rectum)
Effectiveness	Good for full colon inflammation	Depends on location & formulation	Highly effective for left-sided UC	Most effective for rectal inflammation
Side Effects	Mild nausea, headache, gas	Similar to PENTASA 1GM ENEMA, some variations per brand	Rectal irritation, urgency, bloating	Mild rectal discomfort, urgency
Limitations	Slower onset compared to rectal forms	Some require multiple daily doses	Messy application, hard to retain	Only treats the rectum

FAQs About PENTASA 1GM ENEMA

Q: What is PENTASA 1GM ENEMA Used For?

A: PENTASA 1GM ENEMA is primarily used to manage mild to moderate ulcerative colitis, a condition that causes inflammation and ulcers in the colon. It contains mesalamine, an anti-inflammatory agent that helps reduce symptoms such as diarrhea, rectal bleeding, stomach pain, and urgency to pass stools. It is often prescribed to help maintain remission and prevent flare-ups in people with ulcerative colitis.

Q: Can PENTASA 1GM ENEMA be used during pregnancy?

A: PENTASA 1GM ENEMA is generally considered unsafe for use during pregnancy, but it should be used only if prescribed by a doctor. Studies suggest that mesalamine does not significantly increase the risk of birth defects; however, in high doses, it may cause slight complications like low birth weight or preterm labor. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, consult your doctor to weigh the benefits and risks before using PENTASA 1GM ENEMA.

Q: What are the benefits of PENTASA 1GM ENEMA?

A: The key benefits of PENTASA 1GM ENEMA include reduces inflammation in the colon, relieving ulcerative colitis symptoms, helps reduce flare-ups, maintaining long-term remission, and targets the entire colon, making it suitable for extensive ulcerative colitis. It is convenient once-daily dosing compared to multiple doses of some other mesalamine formulations.

Q: How does PENTASA 1GM ENEMA work?

A: PENTASA 1GM ENEMA contains mesalamine, which works by reducing inflammation in the colon. It blocks the production of inflammatory chemicals (like prostaglandins and leukotrienes) that cause swelling, pain, and ulcers in the digestive tract. By decreasing inflammation, it helps control symptoms and prevent further damage to the intestines.

Q: Is PENTASA 1GM ENEMA better than other mesalamine medications?

A: PENTASA 1GM ENEMA is one of several mesalamine formulations, and its effectiveness depends on the patient's condition:

·Best for: Patients who need full colon coverage and prefer oral medication.

·Compared to oral mesalamine tablets: Similar efficacy but fewer daily doses in some cases.

·Compared to rectal mesalamine (suppositories or enemas): Less effective for rectal inflammation but better for extensive colitis.

·Better than steroids for long-term maintenance, as it has fewer side effects.

Your doctor will decide the best form based on your disease location and severity.

Q: Can PENTASA 1GM ENEMA cure ulcerative colitis?

A: No, PENTASA 1GM ENEMA does not cure ulcerative colitis, as UC is a chronic condition. However, it helps control symptoms, reduce inflammation, and reduce flare-ups. With consistent use, many patients can achieve long-term remission, meaning they experience fewer symptoms and live a normal life.

Q: Does PENTASA 1GM ENEMA have any side effects?

A: Yes, like all medications, PENTASA 1GM ENEMA may cause mild to moderate side effects, including nauses, headache, gas and bloating, diarrhea, constipation and mild stomach discomfort. If you notice severe abdominal pain, blood in stools, fever, or breathing difficulties, seek medical help immediately.

Q: How long does it take for PENTASA 1GM ENEMA to show results?

A: PENTASA 1GM ENEMA typically starts reducing inflammation within 2 to 4 weeks, but full symptom relief may take 6 to 8 weeks. Some patients feel better within a few days, while others need longer treatment. If there is no improvement after 8 weeks, your doctor may adjust the dose or switch medications.

Q: How should I take PENTASA 1GM ENEMA?

A: Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Swallow the pellet whole with a full glass of water—do not crush or chew. Can be taken with or without food, but food may help reduce stomach upset. Take it at the same time every day for best results. Continue taking the medication even if you feel better, unless advised otherwise by your doctor.

Q: Can PENTASA 1GM ENEMA be taken on an empty stomach?

A: Yes, PENTASA 1GM ENEMA can be taken on an empty stomach, but if you experience nausea or stomach discomfort, try taking it with food or milk.

Q: How long do PENTASA 1GM ENEMA side effects last?

A: Most mild side effects, like nausea or gas, improve within a few days to weeks as your body adjusts. Serious side effects are rare but should be reported to your doctor immediately.

Q: Does PENTASA 1GM ENEMA affect kidney health?

A: In rare cases, mesalamine can cause kidney damage. Patients with pre-existing kidney disease should use it with caution. Your doctor may order kidney function tests before and during treatment to monitor for any issues.

Q: Are there any age restrictions for using PENTASA 1GM ENEMA?

A: PENTASA 1GM ENEMA is approved for adults and may be prescribed for children in certain cases, but dosage adjustments may be required. Geriatric patients (older adults) may also use it, but kidney function monitoring is recommended.

Q: Can I drink alcohol while taking PENTASA 1GM ENEMA?

A: It is best to avoid alcohol while taking PENTASA 1GM ENEMA, as alcohol can irritate the digestive system, worsening ulcerative colitis symptoms, increase the risk of side effects like nausea, headache, and stomach upset and affect liver function, especially in patients with liver disease.

References

KD. Tripathi. Drugs for Constipation and Diarrhoea. Essentials of medical pharmacology. Seventh edition. 2013. Page – 684.
Marietta Iacucci, Shanika de Silva, Subrata Ghosh. Mesalazine in inflammatory bowel disease: A trendy topic once again? NIH National Library of Medicine. National Center for Biotechnology Information. PMC PubMed Central. [Revised in February 2010] [Accessed on 26th July 2025]
Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, Tamara Donaldson, Karen Lasch, Vijay Yajnik. Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Elderly Patient: Challenges and Opportunities. NIH National Library of Medicine. National Center for Biotechnology Information. PMC PubMed Central. [Revised in June 2018] [Accessed on 26th July 2025]
Ferring GmbH. Health Products Regulatory Authority (HPRA). [Revised in February 2022] [Accessed on 26th July 2025]
Taj Pharma India. Meslataj 0.5gm/1gm/2gm. [Accessed on 26th July 2025]

Author Details

Written By Dr. Karthikeyan Rajagopal - M.Pharm (Pharmacology)

Reviewed For Accuracy By Dr. Vrushabhakumar Jitendra Shah. - MBBS

Last updated on 28 Jul 2025 | 09:56 AM(IST)