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Introduction About ECOSPRIN AV 150/20MG CAPSULE
Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule is a combination of aspirin and atorvastatin, widely used to reduce cardiovascular problems such as heart attacks and strokes. It helps in reducing cholesterol and controlling blood clot formation, making it an effective management for heart disease reduction.
Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule should be taken with food to reduce stomach irritation. It is important to follow the schedule prescribed by your doctor and take it consistently at the same time each day to help you remember. The dosage and duration of management will vary depending on the condition being managed. Even if you start feeling better, do not stop taking the medicine until you have completed the full course. Adopting a healthy lifestyle, including a low-fat diet, regular exercise, and avoiding smoking, may enhance the effectiveness of this medication.
Common side effect of this medication includes nausea, headache, abdominal pain, indigestion, constipation, joint pain, and insomnia. This medication can raise your risk of bleeding, so it is important to exercise caution when shaving, cutting nails, handling sharp objects, or participating in contact sports like football or wrestling. Inform your doctor if you experience yellowing of the skin, muscle pain, or dark urine.
Before taking this medication, inform your doctor if you have liver or kidney disease, or if you have a bleeding disorder. It is important to let your doctor know if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. Additionally, make sure to share a list of all other medications you are currently taking, as they may interact with this medicine.
Uses Of ECOSPRIN AV 150/20MG CAPSULE
- Cardiovascular problems such as heart attacks and strokes
Benefits of ECOSPRIN AV 150/20MG CAPSULE
01)Reduce Cardiovascular Diseases:
Ecosprin AV contains aspirin and atorvastatin, which work together to lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Aspirin prevents the formation of blood clots, which can block blood flow to the heart or brain, while atorvastatin helps in lowering cholesterol levels, preventing the buildup of plaque in the arteries. This combined action reduces the chances of heart disease and strokes.
02)Reduces the Risk of Heart Attack and Stroke:
The aspirin in Ecosprin AV acts as a blood thinner by inhibiting platelet aggregation, reducing the likelihood of clot formation. Platelet aggregation is a major factor that can lead to heart attacks and strokes. Atorvastatin, the other key component, lowers LDL cholesterol, preventing fatty deposits in the arteries and thereby reducing the risk of atherosclerosis (narrowing of the arteries), which can lead to heart attacks or strokes.
03)Improves Cholesterol Levels:
Atorvastatin, a statin medication, helps lower LDL (bad cholesterol) levels while increasing HDL (good cholesterol). By doing this, it prevents the build-up of fatty plaques in the arteries and maintains healthy blood circulation, which is essential for preventing heart disease and stroke.
04)Effective Blood Thinner to reduce Blood Clots:
The aspirin in Ecosprin AV helps reduce the likelihood of blood clot formation by preventing platelets from sticking together. Blood clots can block blood vessels and lead to dangerous conditions like deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, heart attacks, and strokes. By thinning the blood, Ecosprin AV helps keep the blood flowing smoothly and reduces the risk of these potentially fatal events.
How ECOSPRIN AV 150/20MG CAPSULE Works
Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule is a combination medication that contains Aspirin (150mg) and Atorvastatin (20mg). Aspirin, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), works by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX), reducing the formation of prostaglandins, which helps in preventing blood clot formation and reducing inflammation. Atorvastatin, a statin, works by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase, which is involved in cholesterol production in the liver. This helps lower cholesterol levels, particularly LDL (bad cholesterol), while also raising HDL (good cholesterol). Together, these medications help reduce the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and other cardiovascular events by improving blood flow, reducing inflammation, and managing cholesterol levels.
How to use ECOSPRIN AV 150/20MG CAPSULE
Follow your doctor's instructions regarding the exact dosage. Do not exceed the recommended daily dosage.
How to Take Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule?
- Take one capsule daily after a meal to reduce any potential stomach discomfort.
- Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medication.
- For best results, take the tablet at the same time each day.
What if I forgot to take ECOSPRIN AV 150/20MG CAPSULE
- If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not take two doses at once to make up for a missed dose.
Side Effects Of ECOSPRIN AV 150/20MG CAPSULE
Like all medicines, Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule may cause certain side effects in some individuals, although not everybody gets them.
The most common side effects of taking Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule are:
- Nausea
- Headache
- Abdominal pain
- Indigestion
- Constipation
- Joint pain
- Insomnia
When to consult your doctor?
- Severe Allergic Reactions symptoms such as swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, difficulty breathing, severe dizziness, or fainting
- Gastrointestinal problems symptoms such as persistent stomach pain or heartburn, black, tarry stools, or blood in the stool, vomiting blood or material that looks like coffee grounds (this could indicate gastrointestinal bleeding)
- Liver Problems symptoms such as yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), dark urine, unusual tiredness, or weakness
- Muscle Problems symptoms such as unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness
- Severe Skin Reactions symptoms such as rash, blistering, or peeling of the skin, severe itching, or hives
- Breathing Problems symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain or discomfort
- Kidney problems symptoms such as decreased urine output, swelling of the ankles or legs
How To Manage Side Effects
Headache
- Rest in a Quiet, Dark Room: Find a calm, quiet space away from bright lights and loud noises. Lie down and close your eyes.
- Hydrate: Dehydration can contribute to headaches, so drink plenty of water.
- Apply a Cold or Warm Compress: A cold pack on your forehead may reduce pain, or a warm compress on your neck or shoulders can relieve tension.
- Over-the-Counter Pain Relief: You can take over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen if appropriate for you. Follow the recommended dosage.
- Practice Relaxation Techniques: Deep breathing exercises, meditation, or gentle stretching can help reduce stress and alleviate headache symptoms.
Nausea And Vomiting
- Eat Small, Frequent Meals: Avoid heavy or greasy foods. Opt for bland foods like crackers, toast, or bananas.
- Stay Hydrated: Sip on clear fluids like water, ginger tea, or electrolyte drinks, Avoid caffeinated and carbonated beverages.
- Ginger: Ginger is a natural remedy for nausea. Try ginger tea, ginger candies, or ginger ale (ensure it contains real ginger).
- Avoid Strong Odors: Minimize exposure to smells that might trigger nausea, such as perfumes or cooking odors.
Warning & Precautions
Pregnancy
ContraindicatedEcosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule is not recommended for use in pregnant women. It is important to consult your doctor before taking this medication.
Breastfeeding
ContraindicatedEcosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule is not recommended for use in breast-feeding women. It is important to consult your doctor before taking this medication.
Driving and Using Machines
Use with CautionDo not drive or operate machines if you experience dizziness or drowsiness or blurred vision
Alcohol
Consult your doctorAvoid consumption of alcohol while taking Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule as it can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.
Kidney
Consult your doctorEcosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule is not recommended for use in patients with severe renal impairment and should be used with caution in patients with other kidney problems. The dosage adjustment may be needed. Consult your doctor before taking it.
Liver
ContraindicatedEcosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule is not recommended for use in patients with active liver disease or unexplained persistent liver enzyme elevations. Consult your doctor before taking it.
Allergy
ContraindicatedDo not take this medication if you are allergic to aspirin or atorvastatin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or any other ingredients of this medicine.
Heart Disease
Consult your doctorEcosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule is not recommended for use in patients with severe heart failure or other significant cardiovascular problems and should be used with caution in patients with other heart problems. Consult your doctor before taking it.
Use In Pediatrics
ContraindicatedEcosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule is not recommended for use in children and adolescents (aged below 16 years). Consult your pediatrician before giving it.
Use In Geriatrics
Use with CautionEcosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule should be used with caution in elderly patients. Consult your doctor before taking it.
Other Warnings for ECOSPRIN AV 150/20MG CAPSULE
Before taking Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule, inform your doctor if you have:
- Diabetes
Who should not take [GBNKEYWORD
Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule is not recommended for use if you have:
- Active gastrointestinal bleeding or a history of peptic ulcer disease.
- History of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) related to bleeding.
- Uncontrolled bleeding disorders such as hemophilia or other clotting disorders.
Safety Advice
- Follow your doctor's instructions regarding the exact dosage.
- Do not exceed the recommended daily dosage.
- Take one capsule daily after a meal to reduce any potential stomach discomfort.
- Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medication.
- For best results, take the tablet at the same time each day.
- Inform your doctor if you have a history of bleeding disorders, ulcers, or if you are scheduled for surgery or dental procedures.
- Let your doctor know if you have kidney problems or liver problems
- Let your doctor know If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant or breastfeeding women.
- Let your doctor know about any other medications you are currently taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements. Certain medications, such as blood thinners (e.g., warfarin), NSAIDs, or specific antibiotics, may interact with Ecosprin AV.
- Also, avoid consuming large quantities of grapefruit or grapefruit juice, as they can interfere with atorvastatin and increase the chance of side effects.
- Your doctor might suggest regular tests, like blood tests, to keep track of your cholesterol levels, liver function, and overall health while you are taking Ecosprin AV.
- Do not stop taking Ecosprin AV suddenly without consulting your doctor, as discontinuing it abruptly may worsen your cardiovascular condition.
Diet and Lifestyle Advice
1. What dietary recommendations should be followed to support cardiovascular health while using Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule? Specifically, advice on heart-healthy diets like the Mediterranean diet, foods that help lower cholesterol, and foods to avoid such as high-fat or processed foods.
|
Dietary Tip |
Recommendation |
Foods to Include |
Foods to Avoid |
|
1. Mediterranean Diet |
Emphasize a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, healthy fats, and lean protein to support heart health. |
Olive oil, fish (especially fatty fish), nuts, legumes, vegetables, fruits (e.g., berries, citrus), whole grains |
Processed foods, red meat, refined sugars, and trans fats. |
|
2. Healthy Fats |
Incorporate unsaturated fats to help lower cholesterol levels. |
Avocados, olive oil, nuts (almonds, walnuts), seeds (chia, flaxseeds), fatty fish (salmon, mackerel) |
Saturated fats (butter, fatty cuts of meat) and trans fats (margarine, fried foods). |
|
3. Fiber-Rich Foods |
Increase intake of soluble fiber, which can help lower cholesterol levels. |
Oats, barley, beans, lentils, fruits (e.g., apples, pears), vegetables (e.g., carrots, broccoli) |
Refined grains (white bread, white pasta), sugary snacks. |
|
4. Omega-3 Fatty Acids |
Include foods high in omega-3 fatty acids to reduce inflammation and improve cholesterol levels. |
Fatty fish (salmon, sardines, trout), flaxseeds, chia seeds, walnuts |
Highly processed and fried foods. |
|
5. Plant-Based Proteins |
Replace animal protein with plant-based proteins to reduce intake of unhealthy fats and cholesterol. |
Legumes (beans, lentils), tofu, tempeh, edamame, quinoa |
Processed meats (sausages, bacon, hot dogs). |
|
6. Reduce Sodium |
Lower salt intake to prevent high blood pressure, a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease. |
Fresh fruits and vegetables, herbs, and spices for flavor |
High-sodium foods (canned soups, packaged snacks, processed meats). |
|
7. Antioxidant-Rich Foods |
Consume foods high in antioxidants to protect blood vessels and reduce inflammation. |
Berries (blueberries, strawberries), dark chocolate, leafy greens, tomatoes, nuts |
Highly refined foods and foods with low nutritional value. |
|
8. Limit Sugar and Processed Foods |
High sugar and processed foods contribute to weight gain, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk factors. |
Fresh, whole foods: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meats |
Sugary snacks, sugary beverages, baked goods with refined sugars. |
|
9. Hydration |
Staying hydrated supports overall health, including cardiovascular health. |
Water, herbal teas, water-rich fruits (e.g., cucumber, watermelon) |
Sugary sodas and excessive caffeine. |
|
10. Control Portion Sizes |
Managing portion sizes can help maintain a healthy weight and reduce cardiovascular risk. |
Focus on balanced portions: half plate veggies, a quarter protein, a quarter whole grains. |
Overeating or large portions of unhealthy foods. |
02. How can cardiovascular exercise improve heart health and enhance the effectiveness of Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule?
|
Cardiovascular Exercise |
Role in Enhancing Ecosprin AV Effectiveness |
Impact on Overall Heart Health |
Recommended Exercises |
|
Aerobic Exercise (e.g., Walking, Jogging, Cycling) |
Helps lower LDL (bad) cholesterol and raise HDL (good) cholesterol, which complements the effects of Atorvastatin (a statin). |
Improves blood circulation, reduces the risk of heart disease, and maintains healthy blood pressure. |
Brisk walking, cycling, swimming, or jogging for 30-60 minutes, 3-5 days a week. |
|
Strength Training (e.g., Weight Lifting, Resistance Bands) |
Can help reduce body fat and improve muscle mass, assisting in controlling cholesterol and blood sugar levels. |
Supports overall cardiovascular health by improving heart efficiency and reducing the strain on the heart. |
Weight lifting or bodyweight exercises (like squats, lunges) 2-3 times per week. |
|
High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) |
Increases aerobic capacity, promotes fat loss, and improves cardiovascular fitness, which can synergize with the cholesterol-lowering effects of Aspirin and Atorvastatin. |
Helps control blood pressure and improves heart health through short bursts of high-intensity activity followed by rest. |
Short, intense exercises like sprint intervals or cycling intervals (20-30 minutes, 2-3 times a week). |
|
Stretching & Flexibility Exercises |
While not directly linked to the effectiveness of Ecosprin AV, maintaining flexibility can prevent injury and improve overall fitness for more intense cardiovascular activity. |
Enhances mobility and flexibility, contributing to better overall movement and stress relief, which aids in heart health. |
Yoga, Pilates, or dynamic stretching before or after workouts. |
|
Moderate Intensity Steady-State (MISS) Exercise |
Improves lipid profile, complements statin therapy by improving fat metabolism, and supports blood thinning properties of Aspirin. |
Promotes fat burning, enhances heart function, and aids in weight management. |
Activities like brisk walking, swimming, or light cycling for 30-45 minutes at a moderate pace, 3-5 times per week. |
Drug - Drug interaction
Inform your physician if you are taking any of the following medicine before taking Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule:
1. Drug Interactions with Anticoagulants/Antiplatelet Agents
- Interactions: Concurrent use with other anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, clopidogrel) or antiplatelet drugs may increase the risk of bleeding.
- Effects: Increased bleeding risk, prolonged bleeding time, bruising, and gastrointestinal bleeding.
- Management: Closely monitor for signs of bleeding. Adjust doses accordingly or avoid using these drugs together, particularly in patients with a history of bleeding disorders. Regular blood tests (INR) should be done to assess the bleeding risk.
2. Drug Interactions with Statins (e.g., Atorvastatin)
- Interactions: Use with certain drugs (e.g., cyclosporine, certain antifungals like itraconazole, and some antibiotics like erythromycin) may increase the blood levels of atorvastatin.
- Effects: Increased risk of muscle pain, rhabdomyolysis, and liver damage.
- Management: If co-administration is necessary, reduce atorvastatin dosage and monitor for signs of muscle weakness or pain. Periodic liver function tests should also be conducted to detect any adverse effects on the liver.
3. Drug Interactions with ACE Inhibitors or Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Interactions: Concurrent use of Ecosprin AV with ACE inhibitors or ARBs can increase the risk of hyperkalemia and renal dysfunction.
- Effects: Elevated potassium levels, kidney damage, and hypotension.
- Management: Monitor renal function and potassium levels regularly. In case of renal impairment, dose adjustments or an alternative therapy should be considered.
4. Drug Interactions with NSAIDs (e.g., ibuprofen, naproxen)
- Interactions: Co-administration of NSAIDs with aspirin may increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and ulceration. NSAIDs may also reduce the efficacy of atorvastatin.
- Effects: Increased bleeding risk, gastrointestinal irritation, ulcer formation, and decreased lipid-lowering effect of atorvastatin.
- Management: Avoid long-term use of NSAIDs in combination with Ecosprin AV. If NSAIDs must be used, the lowest effective dose for the shortest time possible should be used. Co-administering with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can help protect against gastrointestinal irritation.
5. Drug Interactions with Diuretics
- Interactions: Diuretics (e.g., furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide) may exacerbate the antihypertensive effect of atorvastatin, and diuretics like spironolactone may increase potassium levels, potentially leading to hyperkalemia.
- Effects: Hypotension, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance (e.g., hyperkalemia), and dizziness.
- Management: Monitor blood pressure, electrolytes, and renal function. If a potassium-sparing diuretic is used, check potassium levels regularly.
6. Drug Interactions with Alcohol
- Interactions: Chronic alcohol use with Ecosprin AV may increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding due to the aspirin component and could increase the risk of liver damage due to atorvastatin.
- Effects: GI bleeding, liver toxicity, dizziness, and drowsiness.
- Management: Limit alcohol consumption while on Ecosprin AV therapy. Instruct patients to avoid heavy drinking and monitor for signs of liver damage or gastrointestinal bleeding.
7. Drug Interactions with CYP3A4 Inhibitors and Inducers
- Interactions: Atorvastatin is metabolized by the CYP3A4 enzyme. Drugs that inhibit (e.g., ketoconazole, grapefruit juice) or induce (e.g., rifampin, carbamazepine) CYP3A4 can alter atorvastatin levels.
- Effects: Increased atorvastatin levels (inhibitors) can lead to muscle damage, while decreased levels (inducers) can reduce the effectiveness of the statin.
- Management: Avoid strong CYP3A4 inhibitors when possible. If use is necessary, reduce atorvastatin dose and monitor for side effects. Regular monitoring of cholesterol levels can help adjust therapy accordingly.
Drug - Food interaction
1.Grapefruit and Grapefruit Juice
Interaction: Grapefruit and grapefruit juice can increase the blood levels of Atorvastatin by inhibiting the CYP3A4 enzyme, which is responsible for metabolizing atorvastatin.
Effects:
- Increased atorvastatin levels can raise the risk of serious side effects like muscle pain, rhabdomyolysis, and liver damage.
Management:
- Avoid large amounts of grapefruit or grapefruit juice.
- Monitor for signs of muscle pain or liver problems (yellowing of skin/eyes, dark urine).
- Limit intake, if necessary, but no more than 1 small glass of grapefruit juice per day.
- Consult a doctor for alternative statins if required.
Synopsis
| Drug | : | Aspirin, Atorvastatin |
| Pharmacological Category | : | Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors |
| Therapeutic Indication | : | Cardiovascular problems |
| Dosage Forms | : | Capsule |
More Information
Storage
- Store Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule at room temperature, typically between 20-25°C
- Keep this medication away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and humidity to maintain its effectiveness
- Store the medications in a safe location, out of reach of children and pets
- Never freeze Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule, as freezing can damage the medication
FAQs About ECOSPRIN AV 150/20MG CAPSULE
Q: What is Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule used for?
A: Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule is commonly used to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attack, stroke, and other conditions caused by blood clotting. It contains a combination of aspirin and atorvastatin, which work together to lower cholesterol and reduce blood clots.
Q: How does Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule work?
A: Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule contains two active ingredients: Aspirin, which helps in thinning the blood and reducing blood clots, and Atorvastatin, which lowers bad cholesterol (LDL) and increases good cholesterol (HDL) in the blood, helping to prevent cardiovascular issues.
Q: Can Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule be taken with other medications?
A: Before taking Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Cpsule with other medications, it is important to consult your doctor. Some drugs, especially blood thinners or cholesterol-lowering medications, may interact with Ecosprin AV.
Q: What are the possible side effects of Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule?
A: Some common side effects of Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule may include stomach upset, dizziness, headache, or muscle pain. Serious side effects such as bleeding, liver problems, or severe allergic reactions are rare but should be immediately reported to a doctor.
Q: How long should I take Ecosprin AV for maximum benefits?
A: The duration of management depends on your doctor’s advice and your individual health needs. Typically, it may be taken long-term for heart disease reduction.
Q: Who should not take Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule?
A: Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule should not be taken by individuals with a history of allergies to aspirin, atorvastatin, or other components of the drug. It is also not recommended for individuals with active liver disease, bleeding disorders, or those who are pregnant or breastfeeding without medical consultation.
Q: How should I take Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule?
A: Take Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule as prescribed by your healthcare provider, usually once a day with or without food. It’s important not to skip doses and to follow the prescribed dosage to achieve the best results.
Q: Can I drink alcohol while taking Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule?
A: Consuming alcohol while taking Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule can increase the risk of liver damage or stomach bleeding. It is recommended to avoid alcohol intake and consult your doctor for personalized advice.
Q: What should I do if I miss a dose of Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule?
A: If you miss a dose of Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose, do not double the dose to make up for a missed one.
Q: Can Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule be used for other health conditions?
A: While Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule is primarily used for cardiovascular protection, your doctor may recommend it for other conditions related to cholesterol or blood clot prevention, depending on your health status. Always follow your doctor's instructions.
Q: How can I store Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule?
A: Store Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. Keep it out of reach of children, and dispose of any expired or unused capsules properly.
Q: Can I stop taking Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule if I feel better?
A: It is important to follow your doctor’s instructions. Stopping the medication without guidance could increase your risk of heart-related issues. Consult your doctor before discontinuing it.
Q: Is Ecosprin AV 150/20mg Capsule available over-the-counter?
A: No, Ecosprin AV requires a prescription from a doctor.
Q: Can I take Ecosprin AV while pregnant or breastfeeding?
A: Ecosprin AV is not recommended during pregnancy, especially in the third trimester, and should be avoided while breastfeeding unless prescribed by a doctor.
References
- KD Tripathi, Essentials of Medical Pharmacology, Autacoids and related drugs, NSAIDs and antipyretic analgesics, 7th edition, 2013, 184,193.
- Goodman & Gilman's, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Modulation of Cardiovascular function, 12th edition, 2011, 754.
- Alliance Pharmaceuticals Limited, Patient information leaflet Aspirin 300mg - medicines (EMC). [Revised on Aug 2022] [Accessed on 1st April 2025]
- Sun Pharmaceutical Industries Europe B.V, Patient information leaflet, Atorvastatin medicines (EMC). [Revised on April 2022] [Accessed on 1st April 2025]
- Aspirin- food and drug administration (FDA). [Revised on Sep 2015] [Accessed on 1st April 2025]
- Package leaflet: Information for the user - Aspirin. www.hpra.ie. [Revised on Dec 2019] [Accessed on 1st April 2025]
- Package leaflet: Information for the user -Atorvastatin. www.hpra.ie. [Revised on June 2017] [Accessed on 1st April 2025]
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