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Introduction About DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE
DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE contains Phenytoin which belongs to the group of medicines called Anti-epileptic drugs. It is used to manage certain forms of epilepsy (fits or seizures) during or after brain surgery or severe head injury. Epilepsy is defined by the occurrence of at least two unprovoked seizures with or without fits (strong, involuntary contractions of the voluntary muscles) parted by at least 24 hours. A seizure results from an excessive discharge of specific nerve cells and it is characterized by changes in electrical activity (detected by electroencephalogram (EEG)). DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE is also used to manage trigeminal neuralgia (facial nerve pain).
During management with DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE, your doctor might ask you to take several blood tests, to monitor any side effects, and to check the amount of phenytoin in your blood to make dose adjustments. You should brush and floss your teeth and see a dentist regularly while taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE, to manage overgrowth of gums.
Before taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE, inform your doctor if you have any liver or kidney problems, or porphyria (an inherited disease that affects haemoglobin biosynthesis). Avoid consumption of alcohol while taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE as it may affect its concentration in the blood. DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE should be used with caution in pregnant women only if advised by the doctor as it may cause harm to the unborn baby. Women of childbearing potential should use a suitable non-hormonal contraceptive method to avoid getting pregnant while taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE. It is not recommended for use in breastfeeding women.
Patients taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE may have thoughts of harming or killing themselves. If at any time you have these thoughts, immediately consult your doctor. DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE should be cautiously used in children and in elderly patients, particularly with kidney or liver problems. The most common side effects of taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE are irregular or involuntary eye movements, slurred speech, drowsiness, problems with movement and balance, decreased coordination and confusion. Consult your doctor if any of the side effects worsen.
Uses Of DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE
Used to:
- Prevent or control certain forms of epilepsy (that occur during or after brain surgeries or severe head injury)
- Manage trigeminal neuralgia (facial nerve pain)
How DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE Works
DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE controls seizures (fits) by reducing the abnormal activity of the nerve cells in the brain. It also reduces the pain by blocking the transmission of pain signals across the nervous system thus reducing the symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia.
How to use DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE
Take DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE as advised by your physician. Swallow DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medicine. Your doctor will determine the correct dose and duration for you depending on your age, body weight and disease condition. Do not stop taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE unless your doctor advises you to stop.
Side Effects Of DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE
Common
- irregular or involuntary eye movements
- slurred speech
- drowsiness
- problems with movement and balance
- decreased coordination
- morbilliform (measles-like) rash
- confusion
Rare
- allergic reactions (such as a severe rash)
- drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) (signs include fever, rash, facial swelling and enlarged lymph nodes)
- dyskinesias (impaired voluntary movement) including chorea (jerky involuntary movements of the shoulders, hips, and face), dystonia (muscular spasm and abnormal posture)
- shaking and asterixis (inability to maintain sustained posture with subsequent brief jerky involuntary movements)
- certain types of dermatitis (skin inflammation)
Stop taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE and contact your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following side effects:
- severe allergic reactions (swelling of the eyelids, face, lips, mouth, throat and tongue which causes breathing or swallowing difficulties and sudden wheeziness)
- signs of blood abnormalities (bruising, fever, severe sore throat, paleness, decreased red and white blood cells or platelets)
- sudden stopping of the heart known as cardiac arrest (signs include shortness of breath, being unconscious or unresponsive)
- bradycardia (signs include dizziness, tiredness, slow or skipping heartbeats and chest pain)
- suicidal thoughts or actions (like thoughts or attempts of suicide or dying, new or worsened depression, anxiety or irritability, agitation or restlessness, panic attacks, trouble sleeping, aggression, anger or violence, acting on dangerous impulses, mania (extreme increase in activity and talking) and other unusual changes in behaviour or mood)
- serious skin reactions (such as stevens-johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis) accompanied by reddish spots or circular patches with widespread blistering and peeling of the skin, ulcers in the mouth throat, nose and genitals, red and swollen eyes, flu-like symptoms, and red scaly rash with bumps under the skin)
- hypersensitivity reactions (skin rash and fever, swollen glands) and in severe cases it causes an inflammatory disease called systemic lupus erythematosus (signs include pain and swelling of the joints)
- have confusion or mental illness (signs of high amount of medicine in the blood)
How To Manage Side Effects
Skin rash:
Avoid hot bathing because hot water can irritate your skin further. Do not scratch the affected area. Use protective clothing when going outdoors. Regularly moisturize your skin. Consult your doctor if the symptom worsens.
Drowsiness:
Try a few lifestyle changes to improve your energy levels when you feel drowsy such as taking and maintaining a consistent sleep schedule. Exercise regularly (such as daily walks or running) and eat a nutritious diet with plenty of whole grains, legumes, fruits, and vegetables. Consult your doctor if the symptom worsens.
Warning & Precautions
Pregnancy
DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE should be used with caution in pregnant women as it may cause harm to the unborn baby. Women of childbearing potential should use a suitable non-hormonal contraceptive method to avoid getting pregnant while taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE. Consult your doctor before taking this medicine and inform your doctor immediately if you become pregnant during management with DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE.
Breastfeeding
DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE is not recommended for use in breastfeeding women as it passes into breast milk. Consult your doctor before taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE.
Driving and Using Machines
Do not drive or operate any machines if you experience dizziness or drowsiness while taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE.
Alcohol
Avoid consumption of alcohol while taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE because it may affect the concentration of the medicine in the blood.
Kidney
DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE should be used with caution in patients with kidney disease. Consult your doctor before taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE.
Liver
DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE should be used with caution in patients with liver disease. Consult your doctor before taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE.
Allergy
Do not take DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE if you are allergic to phenytoin or any other ingredients of this medicine, or similar medicines like hydantoins (such as fosphenytoin, ethotoin).
Heart Disease
DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE should be used with caution in patients with underlying cardiac disease as it may increase the risk of cardiac arrest. Consult your doctor before taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE
Others
Before taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE, inform your doctor if you:
- have porphyria (an inherited disease that affects haemoglobin biosynthesis)
- had or have depression, mood problems, or suicidal thoughts or behaviour
- had or have high blood sugar (hyperglycemia)
Use in paediatrics:
[GBNKEYWORD should be used with caution in children and adolescents. Your child’s doctor may adjust the dose depending on the age and body weight of the child. Consult your child’s doctor for advice.
Use in geriatrics:
DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE should be used with caution in elderly patients and the dose may be adjusted in patients with kidney or liver disease and those taking other medicines. Consult your doctor before taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE.
Interactions
A. Drug - Drug interactions:
Before taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE, inform your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicines:
- medicines used to manage heart and circulation problems (Ex. amiodarone, digoxin, furosemide, reserpine, warfarin, mexiletine, disopyramide and calcium channel blockers such as diltiazem, nicardipine, nifedipine, nimodipine, verapamil)
- medicines used to lower blood cholesterol (Ex. atorvastatin, fluvastatin and simvastatin)
- medicines used to manage epilepsy (Ex. oxcarbazepine, carbamazepine, topiramate, phenobarbital, lacosamide, lamotrigine, sodium valproate and valproic acid and succinimides such as ethosuximide, vigabatrin)
- medicines used to manage fungal infections (Ex. amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole)
- medicines used to manage tuberculosis and other bacterial infections (Ex. isoniazid, chloramphenicol, sulphonamides such as sulfadiazine, rifampicin, doxycycline, clarithromycin, sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin)
- medicines used in the management of HIV infection (Ex. indinavir, ritonavir, efavirenz, fosamprenavir, saquinavir)
- medicines used to manage stomach ulcers (Ex. omeprazole, sucralfate, cimetidine and antacids)
- theophylline (used to manage asthma and bronchitis)
- medicine used to manage pain (Ex. aspirin)
- medicines used to manage inflammation (Ex. prednisolone, dexamethasone)
- medicines used for sleeplessness, depression and psychiatric disorders (Ex. chlordiazepoxide, clozapine, diazepam, disulfiram, fluoxetine, methylphenidate, paroxetine, phenothiazines such as chlorpromazine, trazodone, tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline, fluvoxamine, quetiapine, sertraline)
- tolbutamide (used to manage high blood sugar)
- medicines used to manage pregnancy (Ex. estradiol, desogestrel)
- medicines used to suppress the immune system and manage graft rejection (Ex. ciclosporin, tacrolimus)
- medicines used to manage cancer (Ex. capecitabine, carboplatin, bleomycin, cisplatin, doxorubicin, methotrexate, fluorouracil)
- medicines used to relax the muscles (Ex. rocuronium, vecuronium)
- methadone (medicine used to manage severe pain)
- medicines used to control blood clotting (Ex. rivaroxaban, dabigatran, apixaban, edoxaban, ticagrelor)
- non-prescription medicines (Ex. folic acid (manages folate deficiency), st. john’s wort (manages depression) and vitamin D (manages osteoporosis))
Overdosage:
If you or anyone else accidentally take too much of DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE, consult your doctor immediately or visit the nearby hospital. Overdosage symptoms of DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE include nystagmus (rapid eye movements), ataxia (clumsy movements), dysarthria (trouble speaking), shaking, hyperreflexia (overactive bodily reflexes like twitching), lethargy, slurred speech, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, low blood pressure, low heart rate, coma and cardiac arrest.
Synopsis
| Drug | : | Phenytoin |
| Pharmacological Category | : | Anti-epileptic drugs |
| Therapeutic Indication | : | Epilepsy, Trigeminal neuralgia |
| Dosage Forms | : | Injection, Tablet, Capsule, Syrup, Suspensio |
More Information
- Keep DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE out of reach of children
- Store at room temperature
FAQs About DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE
How does DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE work in the body?
DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE controls seizures (fits) by reducing the abnormal activity of the nerve cells in the brain. It also reduces the pain by blocking the transmission of pain signals across the nervous system thus reducing the symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia.
Can I drink alcohol while taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE?
No, you are not advised to consume alcohol while taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE because it may affect the concentration of the medicine in the blood and may result in unwanted effects. Consult your doctor before taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE.
Is DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE advised being taken during pregnancy?
DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE should be used with caution in pregnant women only if advised by your doctor, as it may cause abnormalities in the unborn foetus. Women of childbearing capability should use non-hormonal contraceptive methods to avoid getting pregnant. If you are pregnant, think you may be pregnant or planning to get pregnant, consult your doctor before taking it. Inform your doctor immediately if you become pregnant during management with DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE.
Can DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE be taken more than the recommended dose?
Do not take a higher dose of DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE without consulting your doctor. Taking a higher dose of DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE may not be beneficial. Instead, it can cause serious side effects. If the given dose is not effective for you, consult your doctor. Your doctor may suggest a higher dose or an alternative therapy after evaluating your disease condition.
What happens if I suddenly discontinue the use of DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE on my own?
Suddenly stop taking DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE may lead to seizures which can be life-threatening. Do not discontinue taking medicine on your own without consulting your doctor. If required, your doctor will reduce the dose slowly before completely stopping the DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE.
What if I forget to take a dose of DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE?
If you forget to take a dose of DILANTIN 100MG CAPSULE, take it as soon as you remember. However, omit the missed dose if it's almost time for the next dose. Do not take the medicine twice to make up for the missed dose
References
1.KD Tripathi. Anti-epileptic drugs. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology. Eighth Edition, 2019. Page – 439.
2. Barbara G. Wells, Joseph T. DiPiro, Terry L. Shwinghammer, Cecily V. DiPiro. Epilepsy. Pharmacotherapy Handbook. Ninth edition. Page- 518.
3. Reynolds EH, Chadwick D, Galbraith AW. One drug (phenytoin) in the treatment of epilepsy. NIH National Library of Medicine, National center for biotechnology information. Pubmed.gov. May 1976. [Accessed on 3rd September 2022] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/57334/
4. Keppel Hesselink, J. M., and Schatman, M . E. (2017). Phenytoin and carbamazepine in trigeminal neuralgia: marketing-based versus evidence-based treatment. NIH National Library of Medicine, National center for biotechnology information. Pubmed Central. 2017. [Accessed on 3rd September 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5522676/
5. Gupta M, Tripp J. Phenytoin. NIH National Library of Medicine, National center for biotechnology information. July 2022. [Accessed on 3rd September 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551520/
6. APL Swift Services (Malta) Limited. Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC); [Revised in August 2021] [Accessed on 3rd September 2022] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.4225.pdf
7. Accord. Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC). [Revised in June 2021] [Accessed on 3rd September 2022] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.5046.pdf
8. Pfizer Manufacturing Deutschland GmbH. Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC). [Revised in May 2022] [Accessed on 3rd September 2022] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/5359/pil
9. Pfizer Manufacturing Deutschland GmbH. Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC). [Revised in May 2022] [Accessed on 3rd September 2022] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.7556.pdf
10. Pfizer Manufacturing Deutschland GmbH. Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC). [Revised in May 2022] [Accessed on 3rd September 2022] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.7560.pdf
11. Parke-Davis, Divison of Pfizer Inc. Dilantin (Phenytoin sodium capsule). [Revised in March 2022] [Accessed on 3rd September 2022] https://labeling.pfizer.com/ShowLabeling.aspx?id=546
Useful Diagnostic Tests
- Complete blood count
- Electroencephalogram (EEG)
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