INTRODUCTION

GLYCIGON M is a combination of Gliclazide and Metformin which belongs to a group of medicines called Antidiabetic agents. GLYCIGON M is used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus when diet, exercise and single therapy does not result in adequate glycemic control. Type 2 diabetes is a chronic medical condition in which the body does not make enough insulin, or the produced insulin does not work well. Symptoms include excessive urination, excessive thirst, hunger, fatigue, and blurred vision.

Gliclazide increases the release of insulin from the functioning of pancreatic beta cells to lower the blood glucose. Metformin is a biguanide which effectively reduces the total amount of sugar released into the blood by the liver. Along treatment with GLYCIGON M follow regular exercise and diet plan as advised by your doctor to achieve better results.

Before taking GLYCIGON M inform your doctor if you have type 1 diabetes mellitus, diabetic ketoacidosis, severe liver or kidney diseases, heart failure. GLYCIGON M is not recommended for use in pregnant or breastfeeding women. It is not recommended for use in children and adolescents less than 18 years of age. Avoid consumption of alcohol during treatment with GLYCIGON M as it may increase the risk of lactic acidosis and low blood sugar levels. The most common side effects of taking GLYCIGON M are low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), taste disturbance, nausea, diarrhea, stomach pain and vomiting. Contact your doctor if any of the symptoms worsen.  

USES OF GLYCIGON M

• Treats type 2 diabetes mellitus (when diet, exercise and single therapy does not result in adequate glycemic control)

HOW GLYCIGON M WORKS

GLYCIGON M controls blood glucose levels, where gliclazide works by increasing the amount of insulin released by the pancreas in order to lower the blood glucose. Metformin works by lowering glucose production in the liver, delaying glucose absorption from intestines, and increasing the body's sensitivity to insulin.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE

Take GLYCIGON M as advised by your physician. Swallow GLYCIGON M with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medicine. Your doctor will decide the correct dose and duration for you depending upon your age and disease condition. Do not stop taking GLYCIGON M without informing your doctor.   

SIDE EFFECTS OF GLYCIGON M

HOW TO MANAGE SIDE EFFECTS

Diarrhoea:

Drink lots of fluids, such as water or fruit juices to keep yourself hydrated. Avoid taking any medicine on your own for treating diarrhea. Consult your doctor if the symptom did not improve.

Stomach pain:

Rest and relax. Eat and drink slowly or try to have smaller and frequent meals. Keep a heat pad on your stomach. Do not self-treat on your own and consult your doctor if the symptom did not improve on its own.

Loss of appetite:

Eat when you feel hungry. Eat smaller meals frequently than usual. Snack only when you're hungry. Consult your doctor if the symptom did not improve.

Nausea and vomiting:

Stick to simple meals. Avoid eating oily, fried, and spicy foods. Do not perform any strenuous activities immediately after eating. Consult your doctor if the symptom did not improve.

WARNING & PRECAUTIONS

INTERACTIONS

A. Drug-Drug interactions:

Before taking GLYCIGON M inform to your doctor, if you are taking any of these medicines: 

• beta-blockers such as metoprolol, atenolol, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors such as captopril, enalapril (treats high blood pressure)
• warfarin (treats blood clot)
• phenylbutazone (treats pain and inflammation)
• miconazole, fluconazole (used to treat fungal infections)
• insulins, acarbose, thiazolidinediones (Ex. rosiglitazone), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (Ex. linagliptin), GLP-1 receptor agonists (Ex. Semaglutide) (treats high blood sugar)
• glucocorticoids (Ex. dexamethasone, prednisolone) (used to treat inflammation)
• monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) such as phenelzine, selegiline (treats mental disorders)
• sulfonamides such as sulfamethoxazole, clarithromycin (treats bacterial infection)
• danazol (treats endometriosis)
• chlorpromazine (used to treat psychotic disorders)
• ritodrine (used to stop premature labor)
• salbutamol, terbutaline (used to treat asthma)
• H2-receptor antagonists such as cimetidine, famotidine (used to treat ulcers)
• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (Ex. aspirin, ibuprofen) (used to treat pain)

Overdosage:

If you or anyone else take too much of GLYCIGON M, contact your doctor immediately or go to a nearest hospital straight away. Overdosage of GLYCIGON M may cause lactic acidosis and low blood sugar levels (in severe cases it leads to coma, seizures, or neurological disorders).

SYNOPSIS

MORE INFORMATION

• Keep GLYCIGON M out of reach of children
• Store at temperature below 25°C

FAQs ABOUT GLYCIGON M

What is GLYCIGON M used for?

GLYCIGON M is used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus when diet, exercise and single therapy alone does not result in adequate glycemic control. Along treatment with GLYCIGON M follow regular exercise and diet plan as advised by your doctor to achieve better results.

What are the common side effects of GBNKEYWORD]?

The most common side effects of taking GLYCIGON M are taste disturbance, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, and stomach pain. Contact your doctor if any of the symptoms worsen.

Can I consume alcohol while taking GLYCIGON M?

Avoid consumption of alcohol during treatment with GLYCIGON M as it may increase the risk of lactic acidosis or low blood sugar levels (than can lead to onset of hypoglycemic coma). Consult your doctor for advice before taking GLYCIGON M. 

Can GLYCIGON M be used in children?

GLYCIGON M is generally not recommended for use in children and adolescents (under 18 years of age) due to lack of safety and effectiveness. Consult child’s doctor for advice.

Is GLYCIGON M safe to use in patients with kidney problems?

GLYCIGON M is not recommended for use in patients with moderate or severe kidney failure or impairment and it should be used with caution in patients with impaired kidney function. Consult your doctor before taking GLYCIGON M.

REFERENCES

1. KD Tripathi MD. Hormones and related drugs. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology 7th ed. New Delhi, May 2013. Page – 274.

2. Anil Pareek, Nitin Chandurkar, Shyamsundar Zawar, Navneet Agrawal. Evaluation of efficacy and tolerability of gliclazide and metformin combination: a multicentric study in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus uncontrolled on monotherapy with sulfonylurea or metformin. NIH National Library of Medicine, National center for biotechnology information. Pubmed.gov. December 2010. [Accessed on 24th July 2021] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20093927/

3. Nareen Krishna Polavarapu, Ravindra Kale, Bipin Sethi, R. K. Sahay, Uday Phadke, Santosh Ramakrishnan, Amey Mane, Suyog Mehta, and Snehal Shah. Effect of Gliclazide or Gliclazide plus Metformin Combination on Glycemic Control in Patients with T2DM in India: A Real-World, Retrospective, Longitudinal, Observational Study from Electronic Medical Records. NCBI; PMC. Pubmed Central. US National Library of Medicine, National Institute of Health. July 2020. [Accessed on 24th July 2021] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7581661/

4. Windlas Biotech Ltd. Gliclazide and Metformin Hydrochloride (SR) Tablet.  [Accessed on 24th July 2021] https://www.biocon.com/docs/prescribing_information/diabetology/zukermf_pi.pdf

5. Panacea Biotec Limited. Product Monograph. Gliclazide SR 60mg and Metformin SR 500mg / Gliclazide SR 30mg and Metformin SR 500mg Tablets. [Revised in September 2014] [Accessed on 24th July 2021] https://media.panaceabiotec.com/documents/2019/7/27/ProductMonograph-GlizidMODgliclazideSR30and60-MetforminSR500.pdf

6. Torrent pharmaceuticals Ltd. Azukon-M (Gliclazide and Metformin Tablets). [Revised in January 2016] [Accessed on 24th July 2021] https://www.torrentian.com/pisheet/Upload/PI_Sheet/1995.pdf

USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC TESTS

• Glucose - Fasting Blood
• Glucose - Postprandial Blood
• Glycosylated Hemoglobin