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INTRODUCTION
VIROPIL TABLET is a combination of Dolutegravir, Lamivudine, and Tenofovir which belongs to the group of medicines called Antiretroviral drugs. It is used to treat HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection.
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that attacks cells that help the body fight infection, making a person more vulnerable to other infections and diseases. As the virus destroys and impairs the function of immune cells, infected individuals gradually become immunodeficient, and reach the most advanced stage of HIV infection called Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).
It may present with the symptoms of any other infection like fever, throat pain, extreme tiredness, weight loss, muscle pain.
During the course of the treatment your doctor might take regular blood tests to avoid any unwanted side effects.
Avoid consumption of alcohol while taking VIROPIL TABLET as it may cause bone problems. Consult your doctor before taking.
Before taking VIROPIL TABLET, inform your doctor if you have any kidney, liver, or bone problems. Consult your doctor before taking.
VIROPIL TABLET should be used with caution in pregnant and breastfeeding women only if considered necessary by your doctor. Consult your doctor before taking.
Your doctor will prescribe the right dose depends on your child’s age, body weight and disease condition. Consult your doctor before taking VIROPIL TABLET.
The most common side effects of taking VIROPIL TABLET are trouble sleeping, diarrhea, pain, tiredness, headache, rash, depression, and fever and cough. Contact your doctor if any of the above side effects worsen.
USES OF VIROPIL TABLET
- Used to treat HIV infection
HOW VIROPIL TABLET WORKS
VIROPIL TABLET helps to control HIV infection where Dolutegravir inhibits an enzyme (HIV integrase) by binding to the active site and interrupts the HIV replication cycle, resulting in the inhibition of viral activity, and Tenofovir and Lamivudine inhibit HIV replication through incorporation into viral DNA by the enzyme HIV reverse transcriptase, resulting in obstruction of viral DNA synthesis.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE
Take VIROPIL TABLET as advised by your physician. Swallow the medicine with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medicine. Your doctor will decide the correct dose and duration for you depending upon your age, body weight and disease condition.
SIDE EFFECTS OF VIROPIL TABLET
COMMON
- trouble sleeping
- diarrhea
- pain
- tiredness
- headache
- rash
- depression
- fever, cough (in children)
RARE
Stop taking VIROPIL TABLET and consult your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following side effects:
- risk of inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis)
- new or worsening of existing kidney problems (kidney failure)
- bone problems (bone pain, softening or thinning which may lead to fractures)
- changes in immune system
- lactic acidosis (extreme weakness or tiredness, unusual muscle pain, trouble breathing, stomach pain with nausea and vomiting, cold arms and legs, dizziness, light-headedness, fast or irregular heartbeat)
- worsening of hepatitis B infection
- allergic reaction (rash, fever, feeling generally unwell, tiredness, muscle or joint pain, blisters or sores in mouth, blisters or peeling of the skin, redness or swelling of the eyes, swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or trouble breathing)
- serious liver problems (yellow skin or the white part of eyes, dark urine, light-colored stools, loss of appetite for several days or longer, nausea, vomiting, pain, or softness on the right side of stomach area)
HOW TO MANAGE SIDE EFFECTS
Nausea or Vomiting:
Take VIROPIL TABLET with, or just after meals. Stick to simple meals. Avoid eating oily or spicy foods. Get adequate rest. Drink lots of fluids, especially water. Have small sips if you feel sick. Do not take any medicine for nausea or vomiting without asking your doctor.
Headache:
Drink ample amount of water. Get adequate rest. Try to be relaxed and stress free. Ask your doctor before taking any medicine for headache.
Diarrhea:
Drink lots of fluids, such as water or fruit juice to keep yourself hydrated. Do not consume any medicine on your own without consulting your doctor.
Stomach pain:
Try to rest and relax. Eat and drink slowly or try to have smaller meals more frequently. Keep a heat pad on your stomach. If the symptom does not improve, contact your doctor.
WARNING & PRECAUTIONS
PREGNANCY
VIROPIL TABLET should be used in pregnant women only if considered necessary by your doctor. Consult your doctor for advice.
BREASTFEEDING
VIROPIL TABLET should be used in breastfeeding women only if considered necessary by your doctor. Consult your doctor for advice.
DRIVING AND USING MACHINES
Do not drive or use any machines if you feel dizzy after taking VIROPIL TABLET.
ALCOHOL
Avoid consumption of alcohol while taking VIROPIL TABLET as it may cause bone problems.
KIDNEY
VIROPIL TABLET should be used with caution in patients with kidney problems or receive kidney dialysis treatment. Consult your doctor before taking it.
LIVER
VIROPIL TABLET should be used with caution in patients with liver problems including hepatitis B infection. Consult your doctor before taking it.
ALLERGY
Do not take VIROPIL TABLET if you are allergic to Dolutegravir, Lamivudine, Tenofovir or any of the other ingredients of this medicine.
OTHERS
Before taking VIROPIL TABLET, inform your doctor if you:
- have bone problems like a history of bone fractures
Use in pediatrics:
Your doctor will prescribe the right dose depends on your child’s age, body weight and disease condition. Consult your doctor before taking VIROPIL TABLET.
INTERACTIONS
A. Drug - Drug interactions:
Before taking VIROPIL TABLET, inform your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicine:
- dofetilide (used to treat heart conditions)
- metformin (used to treat diabetes)
- medicines used to treat indigestion and heartburn (Ex. magnesium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate)
- calcium supplements, iron supplements and multivitamins
- medicines used to treat HIV infection (Ex. etravirine, efavirenz, fosamprenavir, ritonavir, diadanosine, nevirapine or tipranavir)
- medicines used to treat tuberculosis and other bacterial infections (Ex. rifampicin, gentamycin, pentamidine or vancomycin)
- medicines used to treat fits (Ex. phenytoin, phenobarbital, oxcarbazepine, carbamazepine)
- St John’s wort (used to treat depression)
- amphotericin B (used to treat fungal infection)
- medicines used to treat viral function (Ex. foscarnet, ganciclovir, cidofovir, adefovir)
- tacrolimus (used after an organ transplant)
- interleukin-2 (used to treat cancer)
- medicines used to relieve pain and inflammation (Ex, ibuprofen, indomethacin)
Overdosage:
If you or anyone else accidentally took too much of VIROPIL TABLET, contact your doctor immediately or visit the nearby hospital.
SYNOPSIS
| Drug | : | Dolutegravir, Lamivudine, Tenofovir |
| Pharmacological Category | : | Integrase inhibitor, Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor, Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
| Therapeutic Indication | : | HIV infection |
| Dosage Forms | : | Tablet |
MORE INFORMATION
- Keep VIROPIL TABLET out of reach of children
- Store below 30°C
FAQs ABOUT VIROPIL TABLET
Q: Does VIROPIL TABLET cure HIV infection?
A: VIROPIL TABLET does not completely cure HIV infection. While taking this medicine, you may still develop infections or other diseases associated with HIV infection. Consult your doctor for advice.
Q: Is VIROPIL TABLET safe in pregnancy?
A: Before taking VIROPIL TABLET, inform your doctor if you are pregnant, think you may be pregnant or are planning to get pregnant because it may harm your unborn baby. Consult your doctor before taking VIROPIL TABLET.
Q: Can VIROPIL TABLET be used on children?
A: Your doctor will prescribe the right dose depends on your child’s age, body weight and disease condition. Consult your doctor before taking VIROPIL TABLET.
Q: What if I miss a dose of VIROPIL TABLET?
A: If you miss a dose of VIROPIL TABLET, take it as soon as you remember. However, omit the missed dose if it is almost time for the next dose. Do not take VIROPIL TABLET twice to make up for a forgotten dose.
Q: Can I stop taking VIROPIL TABLET?
A: Do not stop taking VIROPIL TABLET without consulting your doctor. If you have any more doubts regarding the use of VIROPIL TABLET, ask your doctor.
REFERENCES
1. KD. Tripathi. Antiviral drugs. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology. Seventh edition. 2013. Page – 808.
2. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 54726191, Dolutegravir. National Center for Biotechnology Information. June 2022. [Accessed on 2nd June 2022] https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Dolutegravir#section=Mechanism-of-Action
3. Katherine Taylor, Kristina Fritz; Mayur Parmar. Lamivudine. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. May 2022. [Accessed on 11th June 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559252/#article-24014.s3
4. Laurus Labs Limited. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. [Revised in January 2021] [Accessed on 11th June 2022] https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/pepfar/210787PI.pdf
5. Mylan Laboratories Limited. Dolutegravir + Lamivudine + Tenofovir. [Revised in July 2019] [Accessed on 11th June 2022] https://extranet.who.int/pqweb/sites/default/files/HA688part3v1.pdf
6. World Health Organization. HIV/AIDS. [Revised in November 2021] [Accessed on 11th June 2022] https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids
USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
- Complete blood count
- CD4 Count Test
AUTHOR DETAILS
Written By Dr. Janet.C, Pharm.D
Last updated on 09 Jan 2023 | 11:36 PM(IST)
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