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INTRODUCTION
TOBACIN contains Tobramycin which belongs to the group of medicines called Antibiotics. It is used to treat bacterial infections of brain and nervous system (Ex. meningitis which is characterized by fever, headache and neck stiffness), stomach (gastroenteritis which is characterized by nausea (feel sick), vomiting, fever, diarrhea, abdominal cramps and pain), intestines, bladder, kidney (urinary tract infection characterize by pelvic pain, pain while urinating and blood in urine), lungs, airway (pneumonia with symptoms of cough, fever, chills, breathing difficulty) and bone, skin or soft tissue including burns, blood poisoning.
Before receiving this medicine TOBACIN inform your doctor if you have kidney disease or need dialysis, muscle disorder, such as myasthenia gravis, or Parkinson’s disease, are dehydrated, history of mitochondrial mutation disease (caused by variants in the genome of mitochondria, the parts of your cells which help make energy), have extensive burns, loss of hearing, endocarditis (an inflammation inside the heart), neutropenia (a low number of white blood cells).
TOBACIN is not recommended for use in pregnant and breast-feeding woman. Consult your doctor for advice.
TOBACIN should be received with caution in children and elderly patients. The common side effects of receiving TOBACIN are pain at the site of injection. redness, swelling, and tenderness along a vein, change in urine function. Consult your doctor if the symptoms does not improve.
USES OF TOBACIN
- Used to treat bacterial infections
HOW TOBACIN WORKS
TOBACIN effectively works against the disease-causing bacteria by binding irreversibly to one of two amino glycoside binding sites on the 30 S ribosomal subunit of bacteria, inhibiting protein synthesis and thereby terminating the bacterial growth.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE
TOBACIN will be administered by your doctor or nurse into intramuscularly or intravenously. Your healthcare provider will administer the right dose depending upon your age, body weight and health condition.
SIDE EFFECTS OF TOBACIN
COMMON
- pain at the site of injection
- redness, swelling, and tenderness along a vein
- change in white cells count in the blood that may result in infections
- passing more urine than usual
UNCOMMON
- headache, cough
- hoarseness of voice or difficulty speaking, sore throat, difficulty in breathing, noisy breathing
- nausea
- rashes or colored spots
- itching
RARE
- confusion and disorientation
- increased sputum secretion or coughing up blood
- diarrhea
- fever
- feeling tired or drowsiness
- palpitations (irregular or fast heartbeat)
- blurred vision
- anemia (reduction in red blood cells which may cause skin pale)
Stop receiving TOBACIN and contact your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following side effects:
- signs of severe allergic reaction such as sudden itchy rash (hives), swelling of the hands, feet, ankles, face, lips, mouth or throat which may cause difficulty in swallowing or breathing, and feeling of fainting
- severe peeling skin (exfoliative dermatitis)
- ringing, buzzing or roaring noise in ears (tinnitus)
- dizziness
- muscle twitching, numbness or pins and needles
- fits or epilepsy
- changes in blood cells with signs of bleeding or bruising (caused by low platelet counts) or more prone to infections (reduced levels of white blood cells), tiredness due to anemia or have sudden fever or sore throat
WARNING & PRECAUTIONS
PREGNANCY
TOBACIN is not recommended for use in pregnant woman or women planning to have a baby unless recommended by the doctor as it can harm the unborn baby. Consult your doctor before receiving TOBACIN.
BREASTFEEDING
TOBACIN is not recommended for use in breastfeeding woman as it passes into the breastmilk. Consult your doctor before receiving TOBACIN.
DRIVING AND USING MACHINES
Do not drive or handle any machines if you feel muscle weakness, while receiving this TOBACIN.
KIDNEY
TOBACIN should be received with caution in patients suffering from kidney diseases or under dialysis. Dose will be adjusted by your doctor. Consult your doctor before receiving TOBACIN.
ALLERGY
Do not receive TOBACIN if you are allergic to Tobramycin or any other ingredients of this medicine.
HEART DISEASE
TOBACIN should be received with caution in patients having endocarditis (an inflammation inside the heart). Consult your doctor before receiving TOBACIN.
OTHERS
Before receiving TOBACIN, inform your doctor if you:
- have a history of mitochondrial mutation disease (condition caused by variants in the genome of mitochondria)
- have a muscle disorder, such as myasthenia gravis
- have Parkinson’s disease
- have severe burns
- ear problems
- neutropenia (a low number of white blood cells)
Use in pediatrics:
TOBACIN should be received with caution in premature, neonatal, infants and children. Your doctor will administer the correct dose and duration depending upon your age and body weight. Consult your doctor before receiving TOBACIN.
Use in geriatrics:
TOBACIN should be used with caution in elderly patients (especially with renal impairment). Dose will be adjusted by your doctor. Consult your doctor before receiving TOBACIN.
INTERACTIONS
A. Drug-Drug interactions:
Before receiving TOBACIN inform your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicine:
- medicines used to treat bacterial infections like cephaloridine, viomycin, polymyxin B, colistin, vancomycin, and cephalosporin antibiotics like cephalothin and aminoglycosides (Ex. amikacin, streptomycin, neomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, paromomycin)
- amphotericin B (medicine used to treat fungal infection)
- furosemide, bumetanide, mannitol (medicine used to reduce pressure and swelling)
- medicines used as muscle relaxants during general anesthesia (Ex. baclofen, chlorzoxazone)
- cisplatin (medicine used to treat cancer)
- ciclosporin (medicine that reduces the activity of the body's immune system)
- pyridostigmine and neostigmine (medicines used to treat muscle weakness)
- warfarin and phenindione (medicine used to prevent blood clots)
Overdosage:
TOBACIN will be given to you only by a doctor or nurse in a hospital, and so it is unlikely to receive an overdose. However, if you experience any unusual reactions, contact your doctor immediately.
SYNOPSIS
| Drug | : | Tobramycin |
| Pharmacological Category | : | Aminoglycosides |
| Therapeutic Indication | : | Bacterial infections |
| Dosage Forms | : | Respule, Eye drops, Eye ointment, Injection |
MORE INFORMATION
- Keep out of reach of children
- Store at room temperature
FAQs ABOUT TOBACIN
What are the uses of TOBACIN?
TOBACIN is used to treat bacterial infections of brain and nervous system, stomach, intestines, bladder, kidney (urinary tract infection), lungs (pneumonia) and bone, skin or soft tissue including burns.
How does TOBACIN work?
TOBACIN effectively works against the disease-causing bacteria by binding irreversibly to one of two amino glycoside binding sites on the 30 S ribosomal subunit of bacteria inhibiting protein synthesis and thereby terminating the bacterial growth.
Can TOBACIN be used in pregnant woman?
TOBACIN is not recommended for use in pregnant or women planning to have a baby unless recommended by the doctor as it can harm the unborn baby. Consult your doctor for advice.
Can TOBACIN be used in children?
TOBACIN should be received with caution in premature, neonatal, infants and children. Your doctor will administer the correct dose and duration depending upon your age and body weight. Consult your doctor before receiving TOBACIN.
Can TOBACIN be used in patients with kidney disease?
TOBACIN should be received with caution in patients suffering from kidney diseases or under dialysis. Dose will be adjusted by your doctor. Consult your doctor for advice.
REFERENCES
1. KD Tripathi MD. Aminoglycosides antibiotics. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology 8th edition. 2019. Page – 793.
2. Wilfried H Nikolaizik, MD, Delia Vietzke, MD, and Felix Ratjen. A pilot study to compare tobramycin 80 mg injectable preparation with 300 mg solution for inhalation in cystic fibrosis patients. NIH National Library of Medicine, National center for biotechnology information. PubMed Central. 2008. [Accessed on 18th July 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2679548/
3. Gizem Reyhanoglu; Anil Kumar Reddy Reddivari. Tobramycin. NIH National Library of Medicine, National center for biotechnology information. StatPearls. 2022 [Revised on June 2022] [Accessed on 18th July 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551695/
4. Vianex SA. Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC). [Revised in May 2022] [Accessed on 18th July 2022] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.10194.pdf
5. Fresenius Kabi. U.S Food & Drug Administration. [Revised in October 2013] [Accessed 18th July 2022] https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/065122s008lbl.pdf
6. Pfizer Service Company. Health Products Regulatory Authority (HPRA). [Accessed on 18th July 2022] https://www.hpra.ie/img/uploaded/swedocuments/b22d5303-51a1-411c-96b5-5f42701aadf4.pdf
USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
- Complete blood count
- Kidney function test
AUTHOR DETAILS
Written By Dr. Janet.C, Pharm.D
Last updated on 18 Nov 2022 | 08:50 PM(IST)
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