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INTRODUCTION
SIZODON SOLUTION contains Risperidone which belongs to a group of medicines called Anti-psychotics. It is indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia and mania. SIZODON SOLUTION can also be used for short-term treatment of long-term aggressiveness in Alzheimer’s dementia (a memory disorder) and in intellectually disabled children (at least 5 years of age).
Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder characterized by symptoms like seeing, hearing or feeling things that are not there, disorganized thinking and speech, abnormal movements and negative symptoms (social isolation, lack of emotion, etc). Mania is a mood disorder marked by euphoria or irritable mood, reduced sleep, hyperactivity, uncontrollable thought and speech, probably associated with careless or violent behaviour.
While treating you with SIZODON SOLUTION, your doctor might want you to take certain diagnostic tests such as blood sugar level, prolactin levels, or keeping a check on your body weight.
Avoid consumption of alcohol while taking SIZODON SOLUTION. Before taking SIZODON SOLUTION, inform your doctor if you have liver, kidney or heart problems, or about to have any eye surgery, diabetes, Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, painful or prolonged erection.
SIZODON SOLUTION is not recommended in pregnant women and should be used with caution in breastfeeding women. SIZODON SOLUTION is not recommended for use in elderly patients having dementia and should be used with caution in other elder patients, therefore consult your doctor before taking. SIZODON SOLUTION is not recommended for children and adolescents under 18 years age for schizophrenia or bipolar mania.
The most common side effects of taking SIZODON SOLUTION are sleep problems, irritability, depression, weight gain, dizziness, tremor, and headache. Contact your doctor if any of the symptoms worsen or doesn’t improve.
USES OF SIZODON SOLUTION
Treats,
- schizophrenia
- mania, that usually occurs in bipolar disorder
- long-term aggression in people with Alzheimer’s dementia
- long-term aggression in intellectually disabled children
HOW SIZODON SOLUTION WORKS
SIZODON SOLUTION shows antipsychotic activity by blocking certain receptors (D2 and 5-HT2) in the brain, thus decreasing symptoms of schizophrenia and mood disorders.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE
Take SIZODON SOLUTION as advised by your physician. Shake well before use. Do not stop taking SIZODON SOLUTION unless your doctor advice you to stop. Your doctor will decide the correct dose of SIZODON SOLUTION and duration for you depending upon your age, body weight and disease condition.
SIDE EFFECTS OF SIZODON SOLUTION
COMMON
- difficulty falling or staying asleep, feeling sleepy, impaired alertness
- parkinsonism (slow or impaired movement, sensation of stiffness or tightness of the muscles, sensation of freezing up and then restarting, slow shuffling walk, increased saliva or drooling, a loss of expression on the face, a tremor while at rest)
- headache
- dizziness
- tremor
- raised levels of a hormone called "prolactin" (symptoms in men include breast swelling, difficulty in getting or maintaining erections, decreased sexual desire or other sexual dysfunction. In women they may include leakage of milk from the breasts, breast discomfort, missed menstrual periods, or other problems with your cycle or fertility problems)
- pneumonia (infection of the lungs), common cold and flu symptoms, sinus infection, urinary tract infection, ear infection
- weight gain, raised appetite, weight loss, decreased appetite
- irritability, depression, anxiety (worry, uneasiness), restlessness, sleep disturbances
- dystonia (slow or sustained involuntary contraction of facial and other muscles including abnormal movements of the eyes, mouth, tongue or jaw)
- dyskinesia (involuntary muscle movements like repetitive, spasm-like movements, or twitching), tremor (shaking)
- blurred vision, infection of the eye (pink eye)
- fast heart rate, raised blood pressure, shortness of breath
- throat pain, cough, nose bleeds, stuffy nose
- stomach pain and discomfort, vomiting, nausea, constipation, diarrhoea, indigestion, dry mouth
- toothache
- rash, skin redness
- muscle spasms, or bone, muscle, back and joint pain
- incontinence (lack of control) of urine
- swelling affecting the body, arms or legs
- chest pain, weakness, fatigue (tiredness), pain
- fall
UNCOMMON
- infection of the eye, tonsils, nails, skin, an infection confined to a single area of skin or part of the body, viral infection, skin inflammation due to mites
- diabetes (high blood sugar), too much drinking of water
- increased blood cholesterol
- mania (excited mood), confusion, reduced sexual drive, nervousness, nightmares
- unresponsive to stimuli, loss or low level of consciousness
- a restless urge to move parts of your body, balance disorder, abnormal coordination, dizziness upon standing, disturbance in attention, speech problems, loss or abnormal sense of taste, reduced sensation of skin to pain and touch, a tingling, pricking sensation or numbness of skin
- increased sensitivity of the eyes to light, dry and red eyes, increased tears
- vertigo (spinning sensation), ringing in the ears, ear pain
- palpitations (fluttering or pounding feeling in your chest)
- low blood pressure (especially while standing up), flushing
- stomach or intestinal infection, lack of voluntary control over defecation, very hard stool, difficulty swallowing, excessive passing of gas or wind
- itching, hair loss, thickening of skin, eczema (an inflammatory skin condition), dry and discolored skin, acne, flaky, itchy scalp, skin disorder, skin lesion
- abnormal posture, joint stiffness and swelling, weak muscles, neck pain
- frequent urination, inability to pass urine, pain when passing urine
- erectile dysfunction, ejaculation disorder
- loss of, or missed menstrual periods, or other problems with your cycle (females)
- development of breasts in men
- leakage of milk from the breasts, sexual dysfunction, breast pain and discomfort, vaginal discharge
- swelling of the face, eyes, lips or mouth
- chills, increase in body temperature
- change in the way you walk
- convulsions
- feeling unwell, chest discomfort
- pain related to diagnostic or treatment procedures
RARE
- infection
- sleep walking, sleep-related eating disorder
- inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (hormone controlling urine)
- sugar in the urine, raised blood triglycerides (type of fat)
- low blood sugar
- absence of emotion, inability to reach orgasm
- catatonia (unable to move or respond while awake)
- blood vessel problems in the brain
- coma due to uncontrolled diabetes
- shaking of the head
- glaucoma (increased pressure within the eyeball), eye rolling, problems with movement of your eyes, eyelid margin crusting
- eye problems during cataract surgery
- dangerously excessive intake of water
- chapped lips, swollen tongue, skin rash related to drug
- dandruff
- pain in muscles and breakdown of muscle fibres (rhabdomyolysis)
- irregular heartbeat
- trouble breathing during sleep, fast, shallow breathing
- inflammation of the pancreas
- raised blood insulin levels (a hormone that controls blood sugar levels)
- low body temperature, coldness in arms and legs
- symptoms of drug withdrawal
- jaundice (skin and the eyes appears yellowish)
Stop taking SIZODON SOLUTION and consult your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following side effects:
- have dementia and feel a sudden change in your mental state or sudden numbness or weakness involving your face, arms or legs, especially on one side, or slurred speech (even for a short period of time)
- experience tardive dyskinesia (uncontrollable twitching or jerking movements in your face, tongue, or other parts of your body)
- experience blood clots in the veins, particularly in the legs (symptoms include swelling, pain, and redness), which can travel through blood vessels to the lungs leading to chest pain and breathlessness
- experience severe allergic reaction indicated by fever, swelling of mouth, face, lip or tongue, breathlessness, itching, skin rash or low blood pressure
- glaucoma (increased pressure within the eyeball)
- rhabdomyolysis (breakdown of muscle fibres making the muscles weak and sores)
- extremely low numbers of the white blood cells needed to fight infection in your blood
- high temperature, muscle stiffness, sweating or a lowered level of consciousness (Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome)
- if you are a man and experience prolonged or painful erection (priapism)
HOW TO MANAGE SIDE EFFECTS
Diarrhea:
Drink lots of fluids, such as water or fruit juice to keep yourself hydrated. Do not consume any medicine on your own without consulting your doctor. Ask for your doctor’s advice if diarrhea doesn’t improve.
Nausea:
Take SIZODON SOLUTION with or after meals. Stick to simple meals and avoid eating rich or spicy food. Do not take any medication on your own. Ask for your doctor’s advice if nausea doesn’t improve.
Headache:
Try to take rest and don’t involve yourself in exertive activities. Rest in a quiet and dark room. Apply a pain-relieving balm on your forehead. Ask for your doctor’s advice if headache doesn’t improve
Vomiting:
Drink clear or ice-cold drinks. Eat light, bland foods and avoid fried, oily, or sweet foods. Avoid carbonated drinks. Ask for your doctor’s advice if vomiting doesn’t improve.
Dizziness:
Lie, or sit down immediately when you feel dizzy. If you're feeling severe episode of spinning(vertigo), lie in a dark and quite place with eyes closed. Try to avoid vehicle driving. Discuss with your doctor if the symptom worsens.
Stomach pain:
Try to rest and relax. Try to have smaller and frequent meals. Keep a heat pad on your stomach. Take your physicians advice.
Constipation:
Eat plenty of fiber rich foods such as vegetables, fresh fruits, and cereals and drink plenty of water while taking SIZODON SOLUTION. Exercise more regularly. Ask for your doctor’s advice if constipation doesn’t improve
Muscle pain:
Give your body a rest. Do not overexert or over stretch yourself. Do stress relieving activities such as yoga or meditation. If the symptom doesn’t improve, ask for your doctor’s advice.
WARNING & PRECAUTIONS
PREGNANCY
SIZODON SOLUTION is not recommended for use in pregnant women unless considered clearly necessary. If SIZODON SOLUTION is given in the last trimester of pregnancy it can cause agitation, hypertonia, hypotonia, tremor, sleepiness, respiratory distress, or feeding disorder in the newborn babies. Consult your doctor before taking SIZODON SOLUTION.
BREASTFEEDING
SIZODON SOLUTION should be used with caution in breast-feeding women as it passes through breast milk. Consult your doctor before taking SIZODON SOLUTION.
DRIVING AND USING MACHINES
Do not drive or use any tools and machines if you feel dizziness, tiredness, and vision problems after taking SIZODON SOLUTION.
ALCOHOL
Avoid consumption of alcohol while taking SIZODON SOLUTION as it may cause sedation.
KIDNEY
SIZODON SOLUTION should be taken with caution in patients with severe kidney disease. Consult your doctor before taking it.
LIVER
SIZODON SOLUTION should be taken with caution in patients with severe liver disease. Consult your doctor before taking it.
ALLERGY
Do not take SIZODON SOLUTION if you are allergic to Risperidone or any other ingredients of this medicine.
HEART DISEASE
SIZODON SOLUTION should be taken with caution if you have heart problems including an irregular heart rhythm, or if you are prone to low blood pressure. Consult your doctor before taking SIZODON SOLUTION.
OTHERS
Before taking SIZODON SOLUTION, inform your doctor if you:
- know any factors that would cause stroke like high blood pressure or blood vessel issues in the brain
- have ever had involuntary movements of the tongue, mouth and face
- have ever had a condition having symptoms like high temperature, muscle stiffness, sweating or a lowered level of consciousness (also known as Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome)
- have Parkinson’s disease (shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with walking, balance, and coordination) or dementia (memory loss)
- are diabetic (having low blood sugar levels)
- have epilepsy (fits)
- are a man and you have ever experienced a prolonged or painful erection
- find it difficult controlling your body temperature or overheating
- have a tumour
- or any member of your family has a history of blood clots
- are about to have any eye operation
Use in paediatrics:
SIZODON SOLUTION is not recommended for children under 5 years of age for conduct disorder, and children and adolescents under 18 years age for schizophrenia or bipolar mania. Consult with your child’s doctor before giving SIZODON SOLUTION to your child.
Use in geriatrics:
SIZODON SOLUTION is not recommended in elderly who have dementia induced by stroke and should be used with caution in other elderly patients. Consult your doctor before taking SIZODON SOLUTION.
INTERACTIONS
A. Drug - Drug interactions:
Before taking SIZODON SOLUTION, inform your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicine:
- benzodiazepines (used to calm you down) Ex. diazepam, lorazepam
- opiates (used to reduce pain) Ex. morphine, codeine
- antihistamines (used in allergies) Ex. brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine
- medicines used for heart conditions (to treat irregular heart rhythms, high blood pressure) Ex. quinidine, furosemide, chlorthiazide, verapamil
- antidepressants (used to treat depression) Ex. fluoxetine, paroxetine
- medicines that cause a slow heartbeat (Ex. Diltiazem, atenolol)
- anti-parkinsonian drugs (used to treat parkinsonism) Ex. Levodopa
- psychostimulants (used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)) Ex. Methylphenidate
- rifampicin (used to treat infections)
- anti-epileptics (used to treat fits) Ex. carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital
- phenothiazines (used to treat psychosis or to calm down) Ex. Chlorpromazine, fluphenazine
- H2 blockers (used to treat peptic ulcers) Ex. cimetidine, ranitidine
- anti-fungals (used to treat fungal infections) Ex. itraconazole, ketoconazole
- anti-retrovirals (used to treat HIV/AIDS) Ex. ritonavir
- sertraline, fluvoxamine (used to treat depression and other psychiatric disorders)
B. Drug - Food interactions:
SIZODON SOLUTION should not be mixed with coffee or tea.
Overdosage:
If you or anyone else accidentally take too much of SIZODON SOLUTION, consult your doctor immediately or visit the nearby hospital. Symptoms of SIZODON SOLUTION overdose are feeling sleepy or tired, or having abnormal body movements, problems standing and walking, feeling dizzy due to low blood pressure, or having abnormal heartbeats or fits.
SYNOPSIS
| Drug | : | Risperidone |
| Pharmacological Category | : | Atypical Antipsychotics |
| Therapeutic Indication | : | Schizophrenia, Mania |
| Dosage Forms | : | Tablet, Orally disintegrating tablets, Injection, Oral solution, Syrup |
MORE INFORMATION
- Keep SIZODON SOLUTION out of reach of children
- Do not store SIZODON SOLUTION above 25°C
FAQs ABOUT SIZODON SOLUTION
Can SIZODON SOLUTION cause seizures?
Yes. Seizures are one of the serious side effects of SIZODON SOLUTION. Immediately consult your doctor if you feel any symptoms such as uncontrollable jerking movements of hands and legs, loss of consciousness, fear, anxiety or temporary confusion after taking SIZODON SOLUTION.
Can SIZODON SOLUTION be used for sleep?
Some studies have suggested that SIZODON SOLUTION can improve the quality of sleep in schizophrenic patients. Consult your doctor before taking.
Can SIZODON SOLUTION cause weight gain?
Yes. Weight gain is one of the common side effects of SIZODON SOLUTION. Consult your doctor if you feel like you are gaining weight or there is an increase in your appetite after taking SIZODON SOLUTION.
Can SIZODON SOLUTION be used for anxiety?
It has been found that low dose of SIZODON SOLUTION as adjuvants to SSRIs (Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) are useful in generalized anxiety disorder. Consult your doctor before taking.
Can SIZODON SOLUTION be taken with food?
Yes. SIZODON SOLUTION can be taken with or without food. If you experience any side effects like nausea or vomiting, it is advisable to take it immediately after a meal. Have light meals and eat them slowly and in a frequent manner. Avoid oily and sweet foods while on SIZODON SOLUTION. SIZODON SOLUTION should be diluted with water or orange juice and consumed immediately. SIZODON SOLUTION should not be mixed with coffee or tea.
What precautions do I need to follow while taking SIZODON SOLUTION?
Patients taking SIZODON SOLUTION must inform their doctor about their pre-existing disease conditions like kidney, heart, or liver problems. Patients should also inform if they are pregnant, breast-feeding, or having any allergies. Avoid alcohol consumption. Consult your doctor immediately if you experience any unusual symptoms after taking SIZODON SOLUTION.
Can SIZODON SOLUTION be used on infants?
No. SIZODON SOLUTION is not recommended for treatment of conduct disorder in children under 5 years of age. Your doctor will decide the correct dose or select a suitable alternative therapy for your child.
Can SIZODON SOLUTION cause stroke?
Yes. Its a serious side effect of SIZODON SOLUTION that requires immediate hospitalization. A caution about increased risk of stroke in the elderly who are taking SIZODON SOLUTION has been issued. Consult your doctor if you have dementia and experience a sudden change in your mental state or sudden weakness or numbness of your face, arms or legs, particularly on one side, or slurred speech, even for a small period of time.
Can SIZODON SOLUTION completely treat schizophrenia?
SIZODON SOLUTION can help ease the symptoms of your disease and stop your symptoms from coming back, thus helping you cope with the disease and improve the quality of your life.
How do I take SIZODON SOLUTION?
SIZODON SOLUTION comes with a syringe. It is used to help you measure the exact amount of medicine you need. Fill the syringe with a prescribed amount of SIZODON SOLUTION. Empty the syringe into a glass of water or orange juice and consume immediately. Wash the syringe with water and let it dry before the next use.
REFERENCES
1. KD. Tripathi. Drugs Used in Mental Illness: Antipsychotic and Antimaniac Drugs. Essentials of medical pharmacology. Seventh edition. 2013. Page – 441, 446.
2. Yamashita H, Morinobu S, Yamawaki S, Horiguchi J, Nagao M. Effect of risperidone on sleep in schizophrenia: a comparison with haloperidol. Psychiatry Research. NIH National Library of Medicine National Centre for Biotechnology Information. Pubmed.gov. March 2022. [Accessed on 9th April 2022] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11927138/#:~:text=Risperidone%2C%20which%20is%20known%20to,of%20sleep%20in%20schizophrenic%20patients.
3. S Grant, A Fitton. Risperidone. A review of its pharmacology and therapeutic potential in the treatment of schizophrenia. NIH National Library of Medicine National Centre for Biotechnology Information. Pubmed.gov. August 1994. [Accessed on 9th April 2022] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7527327/
4. Rosemont Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC). [Revised in April 2020] [Accessed on 11th April 2022] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.6936.pdf
5. Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies. Rispedral (Risperidone). [Revised in August 2022] [Accessed on 9th April 2022] https://www.janssenlabels.com/package-insert/product-monograph/prescribing-information/RISPERDAL-pi.pdf
USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
- Blood sugar level
- Prolactin levels
- EEG
AUTHOR DETAILS
Written By Dr. Priyanka Goel, BDS
Last updated on 21 Oct 2022 | 12:52 PM(IST)
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