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INTRODUCTION
PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET contains Pioglitazone which belongs to the group of medicines called Antidiabetic agents. It is used to treat type II diabetes mellitus in adults when diet, exercise and treatment with other first line oral antidiabetic medicines (such as metformin) does not result in adequate response.
Type II diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by abnormally high levels of glucose in the blood. It is caused due to inadequate production of a hormone called insulin (produced by pancreas to metabolize glucose) in the body or due to inadequate sensitivity of body cells to the actions of insulin.
Along with the treatment, follow the diet and lifestyle changes advised by your doctor to achieve better results. Avoid smoking and consumption of alcohol while taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET as it may aggravate your existing condition.
PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET is not recommended for use in patients with diabetes ketoacidosis (increased ketone bodies in the blood) or bladder cancer. It is also not suitable for use in patients passing bloody urine and in patients having any severe liver or heart problems.
Before taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET, inform your doctor if you have any eye problems or menstrual problems (polycystic ovary syndrome). PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET should not be used in pregnant or breastfeeding women unless prescribed by the physician.
One of the most common side effects of taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET is hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels) which can be identified by symptoms such as increased hunger, sweating, shakiness, weakness or an irregular heartbeat. To avoid this, your doctor will periodically monitor your blood sugar levels and adjust the dose of PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET accordingly.
You can also carry a sugary snack (such as biscuits, glucose drinks or sweet candies) along with you as a precaution and have them immediately if you experience any signs of hypoglycemia. Other most common side effects of taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET are abnormal vision, headache, dizziness, weight gain, numbness, joint pain, impotence, back pain, shortness of breath and anaemia. Consult your doctor if any of these side effect worsens.
USES OF PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET
- Treats Type II diabetes mellitus in adults along with diet and exercise
HOW PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET WORKS
PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET effectively controls blood sugar levels. It contains pioglitazone which is PPAR-gamma and PPAR-alpha agonist. Following administration, it activates certain receptors (PPAR-gamma and PPAR-alpha) in the body which are involved in metabolizing glucose. This makes our body utilize insulin for digesting the circulating blood glucose which in turn decreases blood sugar levels. Additionally, PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET can also reduce the glucose produced by the liver.
DIRECTIONS FOR USE
Take PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET as advised by your physician. Swallow PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medicine. Your doctor will decide the correct dose and duration of therapy for you depending upon your age, body weight and disease condition.
SIDE EFFECTS OF PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET
COMMON
- hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels causing dizziness, shakiness or hunger)
- headache, dizziness
- abnormal vision
- joint pain, back pain, muscle pain
- impotence
- shortness of breath, anaemia
- flatulence
- respiratory infection, sinus infection, sore throat
- weight gain
- numbness
UNCOMMON
- difficulty in sleeping (insomnia)
- sugar in urine
- proteins in urine
- spinning sensation (vertigo)
- sweating, tiredness
- increased appetite
RARE
Stop taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET and contact your physician immediately if you experience any of the following side effects:
- symptoms of heart failure (such as unusual shortness of breath or trouble in breathing, rapid increase in weight or localised swelling (oedema), especially in the ankles or legs, unusual tiredness)
- signs and symptoms of bladder cancer (such as blood in your urine, pain while urinating or urgent need to pee)
- increased risk of fractures (especially in the bones of hand, upper arm or foot in women)
- blurred vision due to swelling at the back of the eye or worsening of existing blurred vision
- serious allergic reaction (such as hives, swelling of the face, lips, tongue or throat causing difficulty in breathing or swallowing)
- signs of liver problems (such as nausea or vomiting, stomach pain, unusual or unexplained tiredness, loss of appetite, dark urine, yellowing of the skin or the whites of the eyes)
HOW TO MANAGE SIDE EFFECTS
Headache:
Rest and relax. Keep yourself hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids such as water or electrolytes. Applying a pain-relieving balm on your forehead can be beneficial. Do not consume excessive alcohol, as it could aggravate your headache. Consult your doctor if your headache worsens.
Dizziness:
Try to rest and relax. Get enough sleep. Avoid driving or operating any tools or machines completely while you are feeling dizzy. Do not consume excessive alcohol. Consult your doctor if your dizziness worsens.
Hypoglycemia:
Have foods rich in sugars such as fruit juices, glucose drinks, candies, honey or biscuits. Consult your doctor if there is no improvement in your condition.
WARNING & PRECAUTIONS
PREGNANCY
PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET is generally not recommended for use in pregnant women due to lack of safety data. Therefore, consult your doctor before taking it.
BREASTFEEDING
PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET is generally not recommended for use in breastfeeding women as it is not known whether it may pass through the breast milk. Therefore, consult your doctor before taking it.
DRIVING AND USING MACHINES
Do not drive or operate any heavy tools or machines if you experience abnormal vision after taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET.
ALCOHOL
Avoid consumption of alcohol while taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET as it may increase the risks of side effects.
LIVER
PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET is not recommended for use in patients with severe liver diseases. It should be used with caution in patients with other liver problems. Therefore, consult your doctor before taking it.
ALLERGY
Do not take PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET if you are allergic to Pioglitazone.
HEART DISEASE
PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET is not recommended for use in patients with severe heart problems (such as heart failure). It should be used with caution in patients with other heart problems. Therefore, consult your doctor before taking it.
OTHERS
PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET is not recommended for use if you:
- have diabetic ketoacidosis (increased levels of ketone bodies in the blood)
- have bladder cancer
- pass bloody urine
Before taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET, inform your doctor if you:
- have fluid retention and swelling
- have other urinary problems
- smoke
- have special type of diabetic eye disease called macular oedema (swelling of the back of the eye with worsening of your vision)
- have cysts on your ovaries (polycystic ovary syndrome
- previous had stroke
- have anemia (low RBC in blood)
- have any bone problems or at risk of developing bone fractures
- are a premenopausal woman
Use in paediatrics:
PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET is not recommended for use in children and adolescents (aged below 18 years). Therefore, contact your doctor before taking it.
Use in geriatrics:
PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET should be used with caution in elderly patients (aged 65 years or above). Therefore, contact your doctor before taking it.
INTERACTIONS
A. Drug-Drug interactions:
Before taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET, inform your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicines such as:
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (used for pain relief) such as celecoxib or etoricoxib
- gemfibrozil (a medicine used to lower blood cholesterol levels)
- rifampicin (a medicine used to treat tuberculosis)
Overdosage:
If you or anyone else accidentally took more PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET, consult your doctor immediately or visit the nearby hospital. Symptoms of overdosage might include hypoglycemia which may cause increased hunger, sweating, shakiness, weakness or an irregular heartbeat.
SYNOPSIS
| Drug | : | Pioglitazone |
| Pharmacological Category | : | PPAR-gamma and PPAR-alpha agonists |
| Therapeutic Indication | : | Type II Diabetes mellitus |
| Dosage Forms | : | Tablet |
MORE INFORMATION
- Keep PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET out of the sight and reach of children
- Store PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET below 30°C
FAQs ABOUT PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET
How PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET works?
PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET reduces blood sugar levels by making the body to utilize the circulating insulin (a peptide hormone used for digesting glucose). It also reduces the production of glucose by the liver which eventually decreases blood glucose levels.
Does PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET cause bone fractures?
Yes. PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET may cause bone fractures in some individuals. Therefore, it is important for you to inform your doctor before taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET if you have any bone problems or at risk of developing any bone fractures (such as menopause).
Does PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET cause weight gain?
Yes. PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET may cause weight gain in some individuals. To avoid this, follow a healthy diet and regular physical activity as advised by your physician. However, if you experience any weight gain due to swelling of body parts (such as in face, legs or hands), consult your doctor immediately.
What are the side effects of taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET?
The most common side effects of taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET are decreased blood sugar (hypoglycaemia), abnormal vision, headache, dizziness, weight gain, numbness, joint pain, impotence, back pain, shortness of breath, anaemia and increased respiratory infections. Consult your doctor if any of these side effect worsens.
How to take PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET?
You must take PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET as advised by your physician. Try to take PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET preferably after meals and swallow it with a glass of water. Do not crush or chew the medicine.
Can PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET be taken with insulin?
Co-administration of PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET with insulin is considered risky as they are increased chances of hypoglycemia (decreased blood sugar levels). Consult your doctor before taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET along with insulin.
How much PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET should I take?
PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET should be used only under medical supervision. Your doctor will decide the correct dose and duration of therapy for you depending upon your age, body condition and severity of the disease condition.
What should I do if I experience low blood sugar after taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET?
Low blood sugar is a common side effect of taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET. Try to have sugar rich food items such as fruit juice, glucose tablets or gel, soft drinks, honey or sugary candy. Wait for some time. If you cannot any improvement in your condition or if your condition worsen, contact your doctor.
Can PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET cause dizziness?
Yes. Dizziness is a common side effect of using PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET. In case you experience dizziness, lie down until it passes, then get up slowly and carefully. Get adequate rest. Drink plenty of water and other fluids. Avoid coffee, cigarettes and alcohol. Do not drive or use machinery to avoid accidents. Consult your doctor if you experience dizziness continuously for a long time after taking PIOGLAR 15MG TABLET.
REFERENCES
1. K.D. Tripathi. Insulin, oral hypoglycaemic drugs and glucagon. Essentials of medical pharmacology. Seventh edition. 2013. Page – 277.
2. Cyrus V. Desouza1,2 and Vijay Shivaswamy1,2. Pioglitazone in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: Safety and Efficacy Review. NIH: National Library of Medicine, National center for biotechnology information. PMC. PubMed Central.3 Aug 2010. [Accessed on 21st June 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3411525/
3. Gerard Laboratories. Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC). [Revised in August 2020] [Accessed on 21st June 2022] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.8836.pdf
4. Takeda Pharmaceuticals America, Inc. U.S. Food & Drug Administration. [Revised in July 2011] [Accessed on 21st June 2022] https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/021073s043s044lbl.pdf
USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
- Glucose - Fasting Blood
- Glucose - Postprandial Blood
- Glycosylated Hemoglobin
AUTHOR DETAILS
Written By Srilekha. R, B.Pharm
Last updated on 04 Nov 2022 | 07:20 PM(IST)
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