INTRODUCTION

LOX 2% contains Lignocaine (Lidocaine) is a locally and regionally acting anaesthetic which is used for local and regional anesthesia by infiltration, nerve block, epidural or spinal techniques. It is also used to control a severe fast or abnormal heart beat (ventricular tachycardia or tachyarrhythmia).

Lignocaine (Lidocaine) are sterile, nonpyrogenic, aqueous solutions that contain local anesthetic agent. It stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses thereby effecting local anesthetic action. As a local anesthetic, lidocaine blocks initiation and conduction of nerve impulses by decreasing the permeability of the nerve cell membrane to sodium ions. As a Ventricular antiarrhythmic action, lidocaine remains among the most widely used. As a class IB antiarrhythmic, it suppresses automaticity and shortens the effective refractory period and action potential duration of His-Purkinje fibers and suppresses spontaneous ventricular depolarization during diastole. It acts preferentially on diseased or ischemic myocardial tissue, exerting its effects on the conduction system and inhibits reentry mechanisms and halts ventricular arrhythmias.

Before receiving LOX 2%, tell your doctor if you have liver, kidney or heart problems, are pregnant or breastfeeding. This medicine is not recommended for children below 2 years of age. The common side effects are vomiting, dizziness, tinnitus, slurred speech and injection at soreness site.

USES OF LOX 2%

Used,

• For local and regional anesthesia by infiltration, nerve block, epidural and spinal techniques
• to control a severe fast or abnormal heart beat (ventricular tachycardia or tachyarrhythmia)

HOW LOX 2% WORKS

LOX 2% works by blocking the transmission of pain signals from the nerves to the brain which helps to decrease the sensation of pain. It stabilizes the neuronal membrane by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses, thereby effecting local anesthetic action.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE

LOX 2% will be administered by your doctor or a nurse. You will receive this medicine as an injection either into a vein, skin, muscle, bone, spine or nerve area.

SIDE EFFECTS OF LOX 2%

HOW TO MANAGE SIDE EFFECTS

Dizziness:

Get up and move around to feel awake, take small naps to edge off the sleepiness. Give your eyes a break to avoid fatigue and eat a healthy food to boost energy.

Vomiting:

Drink clear or ice-cold drinks. Eat light, bland foods and avoid fried, greasy, or sweet foods.

WARNING & PRECAUTIONS

INTERACTIONS

Inform your doctor if you are using or have recently taken any other medicines, including medicines obtained without a prescription or the following,

• metoprolol, propranolol, amiodarone and antiarrhythmics (treats heart problems)
• epinephrine, norephinephrine (used to narrow blood vessels)
• cimetidine (treats heartburn)
• anti-virals (treats HIV)
• sleeping pills and medicines that reduce level of consciousness (sedatives)
• phenobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine or primidone (treats epilepsy)
• tramadol, bupropion
• erythromycin (treats infection)
• fluvoxamine (treats mental illness)
• medicines used to relax muscles in general anaesthesia
• other anaesthetics

SYNOPSIS

MORE INFORMATION

Store below 20-25°C and keep out of reach of children.

FAQs ABOUT LOX 2%

How long does LOX 2% lasts?

It usually starts acting rapidly, however, it has a very short duration of action of 10-20 minutes after intravenous injection and 60-90 minutes after intramuscular action.

What are the side effects of LOX 2%?

It may exhibit some side effects such as vomiting, soreness at injection site and dizziness. If any of these effects persist or worsen, consult your doctor.

Is LOX 2% cause pain?

No, it does not cause pain except when it is given as spinal anesthesia. It usually relieves pain in conditions like neuropathic pain and pain occurring after surgery.

REFERENCES

1. KD Tripathi MD. Drugs acting on peripheral (somatic) nervous system. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology 7th ed. New Delhi, May 2013. Page – 366.

2. Catterall WA, Mackie K. Local Anesthetics. In: Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC, editors. Goodman & Gilman’s: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 12th ed. New York, New York: McGraw-Hill Medical; 2011. Page - 572-573.

3. Hume JR, Grant AO. Agents Used in Cardiac Arrhythmias. In: Katzung BG, Masters SB, Trevor AJ, editors. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. 11th ed. New Delhi, India: Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited; 2009. Page - 238-239.

4. Briggs GG, Freeman RK, editors. A Reference Guide to Fetal and Neonatal Risk: Drugs in Pregnancy and Lactation. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health; 2015. Page - 798-799.

5. Gabriel B. Beecham, Pankaj Bansal; Trevor A. Nessel and Amandeep Goyal. Lidocaine. July 10, 2020; [Accessed Jan 30, 2021] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539881/

6. B. Braun Medical Ltd., Electronic Medicines Compendium (EMC) [Revised on Feb, 2015] [Accessed Jan 30, 2021] https://www.hpra.ie/img/uploaded/swedocuments/2159164.PA0179_037_004.b26eb0df-c2c5-4279-a795-5fc90536f550.000001pil2percent.150427.pdf

7. APP pharmaceuticals LCC. U.S. Food & Drug Administration, [Revised on Feb, 2010] [Accessed Jan 30, 2021] https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2010/006488s074lbl.pdf