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Hypothyroidism - Overview

Hypothyroidism is a condition that occurs when the thyroid gland is unable to produce sufficient thyroid hormones. The thyroid gland is located in the neck and is responsible for producing hormones that help regulate metabolism and other bodily functions. Deficiency of thyroid hormones may affect entire body functions.

Causes & Risk Factors

Hypothyroidism can be caused by several factors, including autoimmune disorders, radiation therapy, iodine deficiency, or certain medications. It can also be caused due to inflammation of thyroid gland. It can be diagnosed through a blood test and is typically treated with thyroid hormone replacement therapy. If left untreated, hypothyroidism can lead to more serious health complications

Symptoms Of Hypothyroidism

Symptoms of hypothyroidism includes:

  • Weight gain
  • Cold intolerance
  • Fatigue
  • Dry skin
  • Hair loss
  • Constipation
  • Depression
  • Memory problems

Other symptoms may include a slow heart rate, muscle weakness, joint pain, and scanty or irregular menstrual periods in women. If you suspect that you may have hypothyroidism, it's important to see a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.

Diagnosis

Hypothyroidism is diagnosed through a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, and blood tests. Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels and decreased free thyroxine (T4) levels indicate an underactive thyroid gland. Your doctor can advise additional tests to determine the underlying cause of your condition.

How To Treat Hypothyroidism

Treatment for hypothyroidism often involves the use of hypothyroidism tablets. The best medicine for hypothyroidism is often determined by the individual's specific condition and needs and may include hormones drugs like thyroxine, levothyroxine and liothyronine. Along with the therapy, your doctor may also prescribe a proper diet rich in iodine to achieve better results. A wholefood diet and regular exercise in conjunction with hypothyroidism medicines as directed by your doctor can go a long way to manage hypothyroidism.

References:

  • https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/hypothyroidism#:~:text=Trials%20for%20Hypothyroidism-,What%20is%20hypothyroidism%3F,the%20front%20of%20your%20neck.
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypothyroidism/symptoms-causes/syc-20350284
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypothyroidism/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350289